Notes and Queries 1872-03-23: Vol 9 Iss 221

eS. 1X. Marcu 23,°72.) .

NOTES AND QUERIES.

233

cm

LONDON, SATURDAY, MARCH 2, 1872.
CONTENTS.—N? 221.

:— M. Léon Gautier’s “Chanson de Roland,” 233 —
Robert Forbes, 234— On the Separation and Transmuta
of Liquids, 255— Burns’s Copy of “ Shakespeare,’
gnd Blind Harry’s “ Wallace,” 236 — Inventory of Goods
of John Scott, 16. — Utility of Encyclopedias — Shake-
gpeare: contemporary Criticism — Moore and Bulwer-
— Wither and Keble — Serjeant — The Guillotine
ip 1872—Skioner’s and Jacob’s Horse — American Eagle,

’

7.
QUERIES: — Rev. Wm. Baddeley — “ Barlay” — Sir Ran-
Edwin — Fieschi Family — Fourmont: Ibranicotti
«The French Ship Orient —“ Hand of Glory ” — Capt.
Heory Heron — John Knox's Psalter — Lega! Interpreta-
tion — Capt. Samuel King’s Narrative — Dr. John Owen's
Pedigree r- yoo ntary C —pesens >. yet - The
—The Queen at Temple Bar — Repeck — Roman
a. — Equivocal Relationship — Royalist Tokens —
The Seal of Pilton Priory — Song: “ Fye, Gae Rub Her”
=8tone Tobacco- Pipes — Sundry Queries — Etymology of
Surnames — Wat Tyler — Wetherby, Dean of Cashel —

Wordsworth's “Ode on the Intimations of Immortality,”
Bs.

REPLIES: — Erlkénig, 242 — Gourmand:
, 43 —“ Our King he went to Dover,” 244— Monas-
tie Libraries—“ My Thoughts are racked” — Dr. Wm.
Strode — Claws of Shell- Fish — Unicorns —“ With Helmet
on his Brow ” — “ Nec bene fecit, nec,” &£c — Umbrellas —
Panade or Pavade — O’Doherty’s Maxims — Danforth —
“Sugar” — Bows in Bonnets — The Lord Boqueki — Lady
Mice Ezerton — Blue-vinid Cheese — Hotch-Pot — Perse-
gation of the Heathen — Washington and Kent Families
=* As straight as a Die” — Longevity — Lord-Lieutenant
—Saulies — Clerical Longevity, &c., 245.

Hotes on Books, &c.

Gourmet,

fates.
M. LEON GAUTIER’S “CHANSON DE
ROLAND.”

ML. Léon Gautier, whose name is so well known |

@the other side of the Channel in connection
with medieval literature, and whose splendid his-
try of Les Epopées francaises has made the study
of old metrical romances so. peculiarly attrac-
five, has just published a book which, even from
ie point of view of English lore, deserves to be
bought under the notice of our readers. Before
@umerating, however, the various illustrations of
this kind which a careful perusal of the work has
@abled us to gather, we must say a few words of
the lication itself. ;
Chanson de Roland, or de Roncevau , 18 ac-
ete to be the centre around which are
together all the gestes referring to what
ay be called the Carlovingian cycle of epics
logically, ‘it belongs indeed to a much
M@@lier date than the other
Pep, but in point both of historical interest and
of Y merit it surpasses them all, and stands
tone as the gem of the whole collection. It was
Mfaml, therefore, that savants whose attention

Was ted to the study of medieval romances

thould be particularly attracted by the Chanson dc
and several editions of the
Maly been published before M. Léon Gautier ap-

Ib.— |

poems of the same |

poem had al-

plied himself to the same task. The labours of
M. Francisque Michel,* of M. Génin, t and of
M. Th. Muller, {| however, highly meritorious as
they are in many respects, were far from ex-
hausting the subject, and they cannot for a mo-
ment be compared in point of completeness with

| the volumes I am now describing.

M. Léon Gautier’s first tome § gives us, besides
the text of the poem accompanied by a rendering
in modern French, a copious introduction which
discusses all the problems of archeological, his-
torical, and literary importance suggested by the
de Roland. Thirteen spirited etchings
and a fac-simile of a MS. to which I shall pre-
sently advert give to this volume the character
of what we should call a Christmas-book, whilst
it is on the other hand essentially addressed to

Chanson

|. scholars familiar with the French literature of the

middle ages.

The second volume || comprises, Ist, a formid-
able apparatus of notes and various readings ; 2nd,
a glossary; 3rd, a very full alphabetical index.

| The notes are often real disquisitions on several

points of biography or antiquity connected with
the Chanson de Roland. Thus we have, Ist (p
66) a summary of the légende de Roland, illus-
trated by a page of woodcuts; 2nd (pp. 25-51) a
résumé of the same kind on the /égende de Charle-
magne ; Srd (pp. 116-127) an essay on the offen-
sive and defensive armours mentioned in the poem,
&e. &e. At the beginning of the volume is a
map, where M. Gautier has endeavoured to iden-
tify the localities described, and more particularly
certain places respecting which antiquaries have
no& yet come to an agreement. Finally, a quarto
brochure, published as a supplement, 4] gives the
revised edition of the text with all the corrections
which M. Gautier has been able to gather from an
attentive study of the various MSS.

It is rather curious that the oldest and best MS.
of the Rolahd should belong to an
English library; it is preserved in the Bodleian
(Digby MSS. No. 26), and was probably written
during the nd half of the twelfth century.
M. Léon Gautier has taken it as the groundwork of
his edition, completing and correcting it wherever
‘urs, with the help of another coder

. 58-

( ‘han Son ¢ /

ny hiat Is 0¢

2Ci Roland, eu de Roncevaur, du riit siécle,
publiée pour la premiére fois d’aprés le manuscrit de la
Bibliotheque Bodléienne d’Oxford, par Fr. Michel. Paris,
1837, 8 A second edition was published in 1869.

+ La Chanson de Roland, poéme de Théroulde ;
critique accompagné d’une traduction et de
F,Génin. Paris, 1850. 8°.

t La Chanson de Roland beri htigt und mit einem
Glossar versehen nebst Be tra yen zur Geschichte des franzé-
sischen Sprache, von Dr. M. Miiller. Gottingen, 1851. 8°.

texte
notes, par

§ Large 8°, pp. cci-327.

Pp. vii.-507.
¥ Pp. 47. The work has |

een} printed fand brought
out at Tours by M. Mame.

234

NOTES AND QUERIES.

» (4S. IX. Manon 28, 79,

belonging to the library of St. Mark at Venice,
and which cannot be ascribed to a higher date
than the fourteenth century. A third MS., on
per written two hundred years later, forms part
of the Trinity College library at Cambridge ; and
finally, we learn from Gunton’s History of the
Church of Peterborough, that in the year 1686
the cathedral library of that city possessed ‘also a
MS. entered on the catalogue with the following
indication: K. xiv. De bello valle-Roncie, gallice.

We shall now borrow from the excellent notes
of M. Léon Gautier a few quotations which illus-
trate details of English history, archeology, or
literature.

Lines 372, 3—

“ Vers Engletere passat il la mer salse,
Ad oes Seint Pere en conquist le chevage.”

Transl. “He (Charlemagne) crossed over the briny
sea into England, and conquered the tribute of that
country for Saint Peter.”

This passage, our author remarks, is an allusion
to the Peter's pence. The Chanson de Roland

ascribes its institution erroneously to Charlemagne, |

but is right as to the date ; for Offa, king of Mer-
cia, who died in 796, and who is generally sup-
posed to have promised, both for himself and his

successors, the annual payment of 300 merks to the |

Holy See, was a contemporary of the French em-
peror. (See Schriidl, in Welte and Wetzer’s
Diction. )

Line 926—

“ A Durendal jo la metrai encuntre.”

Transl. “1 shall place it opposite to Durendal.”

M. Gautier, @ propos of this line, gives us the
history of Roland's famous sword, and shows that
although the metrical romance Fierabras names
Munificans as the smith who made it, yet by far
the greater number of writers ascribe it to the
celebrated Weyland, so well known to scholars
familiar with the old Icelandic sagas and with
the monuments of early English literature. (See,
inter alia, Huon de Bordeaux, and the KXarla-
magnus Saga.)

Line 1522—

“ Ni ad eschipre ki s’cleimt se par lui nun.”

Trans!, “ There is no sailor that does not claim him as
his lord.”

In the modern French version we find: “ Pas
de navire, pas de barque qui ne se réclame de lui ;”’
but in the notes M. Gautier substitutes with much
reason the word marinier. “ Eschipre” is evi-
dently the same as the English substantive skipper.
An old translation of the first book of Kings
(chap. ix. 27) renders the passage, servos suos,
nautas, thus: ses humes ki eschipre furent bon.
M. Chevallet (Origine et Formation de la Langue
Ffrangaise, vol. i. p. 340) had also given the same
equivalent. Gustave Masson,

Harrow-on-the Hill.
(To be continued.)

| les veritables biens!

——_

ROBERT FORBES.

In the first volume of the Scotish Ballads and
Songs, Historical and Traditionary (Edinburgh,
1868, 8vo, p. 215), will be found a spirited at
rude set of verses, called the “ Battle of Corichie,”

refaced by some remarks which show it to
ave been the composition of Robert Forbes, g
| schoolmaster somewhere on the banks of the Dee,
and known as the author of a facetious poem in
the broad Buchan dialect, called “ Ajax’s Speech
| to the Grecian Knabs,” which has considerable
merit and is replete with coarse humour.
Forbes had, it seems, been so unfortunate as to
| incur the enmity of the kirk sessiog of the parish
in which he lived, in consequence of some scandal
| which had come to the ears of the members of
that prying ecclesiastical inquisition, by which
the “ Dominie,” as he calls himself, was deposed,
This Forbes records in a poem he printed, which
| was so popular that it rapidly circulated through-
out the North in the shape of a penny chap-book
with the title of The Dominie Deposed. It oceu-
pied a prominent place ip the popular literature
of the lower classes in Scotland, and even found
its way into England, until these amusing little
penny productions were, by the rapid strides of
the march of intellect in its progress out of the
kingdom, swept from the cottages of the peasantry
and left nothing better in their place.

The date of the deposition has not been ascer-
tained, but it was probably between 1750 and
1760. The address of “Ajax to the Grecian
Knabs” was printed between 1740 and 1750, if
not at an earlier date. That Forbes was well
acquainted both with Latin and possibly Greek
is evident; but until accident threw the following
very uncommon tract in the way of the writer, he
had no idea that the “deposed Dominie” had a
tolerable knowledge of French, and could compose
very fair poetry in that language.

The production referred to has this title: —

“ Suite de la Satyre de Boileau sur la Ville de Paris.
Par Forres. . . . A Edimbourg: De l’imprimerie de
R. Fleming. mpcc..” 8vo, p. 10.

The writer in a brief address, “au lecteur,’
mentions that he cannot pretend to rival Boileau,
| and has only attempted to copy him. He con

tinues thus: —
“ D’ailleurs, comme j’ai va Paris, mais avec d'autres
yeux que n’a fait cet auteur, et que ne fait tout Papiste,
J'ai cru que cette ébauche pouvoit entrer a la suite de ss
Satyre.”

Accordingly, Forbes gives an amusing account
of the ecclesiastical state of the French capital in
1750, and concludes with informing his readers
that the liberty unknown in France dwells —
“J’on dit dans la Grande-Bretagne, ou régne ce bon Roi
qu’on nomme George Magne. Nous avons & Paris ls
Vierge et tous les saints, mais c’est Londres qui donne

”

.

48.

—_

In a!
the F
King (

The
author
of the |
concur
tion tl
His as

same

paled
Satyre
satire :
have 1
Of cot
some

may b
being |
upon |
talents
might
scanda
table 1
session
too fre
dispose
produc
might
of you'
the fir
him fr

ON TE

Liq
alphab
“Hen
ping o
trial 1
enunci
air-pi
the "
perate:
and r.
becaus
conson
teferal
nantal
pure 1];
each
They
origins
Teuto
Were 7
r follo
occurs
Of the
vowel

ng

4 §, IX. Marci 23, 72.)

NOTES AND QUERIES.

235

In a note Forbes observes that, however much
the French may esteem Charlemagne, he thinks
King George infinitely greater than King Charles.

There certainly is no direct evidence that the
author of the address of Ajax was also the writer
of the supplement to Boileau ; but there are several
concurring circumstances that induce a presump-
tion that he was. The author's name was Forbes.
His ascertained productions are almost all of the
same period ; and there is no other person of that
period to whom the supplement to Boileau’s
Satyre can be ascribed. Both writers delight in
satire and are fortd of humour, an:l neither of them
have much respect for ecclesiastical domination.
Of course the supposition may be erroneous, and

the Latin tongue: mina, mens, minium? But in
| compound roots, derivatives, and the accidental

forms of words, the conjunction of liquids is com-

|mon enough: e. g., calmness, Henry, amnesty.

some obliging literary antiquary of the North |

may be able to settle the question; or, without
being able to do so, may throw considerable light
upon the closing career of a Scotsman whose
talents at a later date, and in a different locality,
might have raised him in the world. As to the
scandal for which he suffered, it is not unchari-
table to conjecture that the members of the kirk
session—as many members of such arbitrary courts
too frequently were at the time—would not be in-
disposed to deal sharply with one whose humorous
productions they poe not appreciate, which they
might consider as highly unbecoming in a teacher
of youth; and, therefore, would be happy to take
the first opportunity that occurred for dismissing
him from his office as a teacher. J. M.

ON THE SEPARATION AND TRANSMUTATION
OF LIQUIDS.

Liquid consonants — which in the English
7 are J, m, n, r—may be described as
“fluent sounds, produced by an imperfect stop-
ping of the voice-organ.” It wil] be found upon
trial that whereas some of the consonants are
enunciated by means of a definite stopping of the
ar-pife—for instance, k, ¢, p—and are not fluent,
the definition above given will apply to the as-
perates and the sibilants, as well as to /, m, n,
andr. But the last four only are called liquids,
because they combine more fluently with other
consonants; and the asperates and sibilants are
teferable on other grounds to distinct conso-
nantal classes. Another peculiarity of the four
pure liquids is, that they combine less easily with
each other than with the remaining consonants.
hey are very rarely found in conjunction in
original roots of the European forms of the Indo-
Teutonic family. In Sanskrit such combinations
Were not rare, the commonest being those in which
r followed one of the other three. In Greek mn
occursin three roots: mna, mna-omai, and mnion.
Of these the first two, if not the third, admitted a
vowel between the liquids on their appearance in

g
(It may be observed that in the numerous cases

in which yr occurs before one of the other three
liquids, not only in the modern tongues but in
Greek and Latin, the two may nearly always be
considered as belonging to separate syllables—at
least as far as their pronunciation is concerned.
Thus, in the Greek porn-eia, the n is very pro-
bably external to the original root, which may
have been por =“ take” or “ convey”; just as
portheo, which approaches to the meaning of por-
neuo, is por+th. But this is simply conjectural.)
It is in the composite and accidental conjunc-
tion of liquids that the tendency to separation is
most clearly seen. I shall give a few examples.
The root of the Greek word anér, a man, is anr.
The accidental forms separate the x and ther:
the older Epic by a vowel, the Attic by a dental ;
thus, genitive, aneros or andros. In some Greek
verbs again, the separation of m and / by the same
two devices is familiar to the student. Thus,
“T am a care”; perfect, membletai, for
memletai (memeletai). But more modern instances
are quite as numerous, interesting, and important.
The composite race to whose language the name
of French now applies, borrowed from the clas-
sical tongues many words in which two liquids
were separated by a vowel; and whilst adopting,
they abbreviated them. Thus ciner, cenre ; numer,
nomre; gener, genre. The liquid conjunction
being found difficult, a dental or labial was intro-
duced—a dental after the dental-liquid , a labial
after the labial-liquid m—in the first two, gene-
rally; in the last occasionally. Hence the Eng-
lish forms cinder, number, gender. Compare
Andrew. The difficulty of this particular conjunc-
tion is often illustrated by children and ignorant
persons, in their pronunciation of Henry, which
in their mouths becomes Hendry or Henery. And
so it is generally with all liquid conjunctions;
e.g., hel-m, wor-ld, often pronounced in two syl-
lables. In this way the German town Koeln be-
came the French Cologne.* For the same reason
the sound of one out of two liquids is often lost,
as in calm, word, damn, column, and frequently in
kiln, iron, and the like. The whole question be-
longs of course to the A B C of philology; but it
is interesting, inasmuch as it constitutes one of
the fundamental laws of etymological modifica-
tions. I should like to give some illustrations of
the transmutation of liquids on a future occasion.
Lewis SERGEANT.

melo,

* L. Colonia: but Koeln is older than Cologne,

236 NOTES AND QUERIES. [4% S. IX. Marcu 23, 7g,

BURNS’S COPY OF “SHAKESPEARE,” AND | been handed down in the custody of successiyg
BLIND HARRY’S “ WALLACE.” | bishops of that see.
The following curious and amusing article is é Of John Scott I know nothing except what his
copied from ; inventory discloses ; namely, that he was servant
“ J. Sabin & Sons’ American Bibliopolist. A Literary to Sir Henry Cromwell—servant, I apprehend, in
Register and Monthly Catalogue of Old and New Books, | 20 menial sense, but rather something approach-
and Repository of Notes and Queries. New York, Oc- | ing to the feudal retainer of earlier days. It wil]
tober, 1871.” be observed that the persons who valued his goods
It is worthy of preservation, not only as a | are described as gentlemen. There is reason to
record of the poet, and the dispersion of his small believe that the valuers—* praysers a as they were
but cherished collection of books, but also as a | termed—were commonly personal friends or relg-
racy sample of the free and independent amenity | tives of the deceased, '
which distinguishes our American booksellers. John Scott’s master, Sir Henry Cromwell, is
Perhaps some of your New York readers will be the Knight of Hinchinbroke, who, according i»
kind enough to inform us of the destination of | Noble, died in 1604. He was the father of Sir
these volumes, and the value at which the “ lite-.| Oliver Cromwell, Knt., and of Robert Cromwell,
father of Oliver the Lord Protector.
My thanks are due to the Right Reverend the
Lord Bishop of Lincoln for granting me permig-

rary treasures” were estimated
“ Lirverary TREASURES.

“* Unlearned men of books assume the care, . . he
As eunuchs are the guardians of the fair."— Young. sion to transcribe the original document,
“With a great flourish of trumpets one of our New EDWARD Pracocs,
York booksellers calls the attention of the American public | Bottesford Manor, Brigg.

to a couple of books which he has for sale, and which, | « ay Inventorye of all ye goodes and Cattles of Jobn
rith sincular modest ameidere ‘the sreatest liter! er : oS “er ;
with singular modesty, he considers ‘ the greatest literary Scott, late Servant to ye right worshipfull Sir Henry

poate in ——. Our L, aders will be — to Cromwell, disseased, made and praysed by Willm.

. Ww é } > y ong oping I 1 ¢ N TT

bah at they a be abe al s, groping in the dark, Chenye, John Turpyn, and Cuthbard Pecocke, gen-
hey Have yet to learn what real literary treasures are. | tlemen, the xv" daie of Auguste, 1587.

It is a matter of congratulation, however, that at least |
one bibliopole is in their midst, whose guidance they may
accept without hesitation in their future explorations
after ‘literary treasures.’ The two rarities to which at-
tention is invited are Hugh Blair’s edition of Shake- |
speare, 8 vols. 12mo, 1771, and ‘ The Wallace’ by Henry
the Minstrel or Blind Harry, 3 vols. (in one), 16mo,
1790; both bearing the ‘ manly (sic) autograph’ of |
Robert Burns. The former, we are told, was presented |
to the poet by the editor; the latter we presume he |
bought, as the advertisement says his name appears

“ Imprimis, in ye Hall one fframed table, two formes,
3 buffett stolles, two tornd chaires, a cubbard, and two
othere stolles . ‘ ° ; , . Xxxiij* iiij¢
“Item, 20 peces of pewter, two saltes, 5 candlestickes,
one morter, a dosen of tynne sponnes, and a chamber
pote. . % eer ah ie le xij*
“Item, 5 quysshins,* painted clothes, & a shelf
“ Item, a pote hangeinge, a paire of tonges, 2 pote hokes,
a paire of bellowes, 2 spy tes, a paire of cobeyrons,t a
trevyt, a fyer shovell, a fryeinge panne, a grydyron, two

among the list of subscribers. For the sale of these the hatchettes, 2 wimble s, & othere trasshe : : b

owner ‘is prepared,’ so he says, ‘to treat with public | “Item, a rapier, : dager, - his squat P =
libraries or gentlemen of taste.’ And he continues, ‘ It | ws — two _— — — “# eb ‘d = be rded bed-

is confidently asserted that no literary treasure of equal | ted ne in ye = - trusses ved, on eat ili
importance has heretofore been offered for sale on this con- | “““\'* ‘ estes, and two litle formes. lattes @ boul
tinent.’ And such a book as Blair's Shakespeare (even | “Item, a fetherbed, 3 mattresses, 5 coverlettes, 2 Dou

I ~ Al i Kas Diair's Sha ‘ : = Coon ren. 6 anketes . aze
with Burns's autograph in it), this American Lilly tells asters, f say pillows “y and 4 blanket or: alf of
“ : “Ttem, 5 paire of flaxen shettes, 3 paire and a half of

ea ty the greatest lit rary treasure in America. All of | 1. .den she ttes, and a lynnen tester fora bed . &xx*
which speaks well for Ais bibliographical knowledge. | wit . tal ‘lothe i + seave ble napkyns,
“When will our booksellers learn that American col- | mm, State Cte, 2 Caen S aes Ee x
lectors are neither fools nor iznoramuses; that they are xvjé
tolerably well versed in bibliography, and that they | trundle bed and
cannot be cajoled by a pompous advertisement, even iij* iiij*
though it appears in the first literary journal in the } :
country ? When such tricks are resorted to, it is no
wonder that the noble profession has deteriorated, and
that bookselling, which once ranked almost with the |
learned professions, is now regard

t towells, and nyne pillowberest .
“Item, ye painted clothes theire
“Ttem, in ye chamber above, one

othere trashe ° ‘ . : °
“Item, in ve buttrey one brasse pote, 3 kettles and 8

- vj¢ viij*

x*

4

| chafein dishe, with othere trashe
“ Item, a load of hey . . . . —
“Item, woode in ye varde and two ladders xij* ij

ed as not much more : sctthe atitg
p ty. . “ Item, a Cowe, a Pyge, and two Lambes xxxiyj* HY
slevate: he vending of natent medi . ; yé , a Pyge, : r
elevated than the vending of patent medicines, ‘ cies. . : xj ve ij!
39 Ww : James Gruson. “ Joux TurRPYN,
32, Wavertree Road, Liverpool. Wrytiyam CHEYNE,
Cuparp Pacox.”
INVENTORY OF GOODS OF JOHN SCOTT. | © Cushions
The document of which the following is a literal + The irons from which vessels were Ie ee
’ ire: “ij pe . r a nentioned in the t -
copy, except that I have expanded the contrac- | @™e: “4 payre of cobyrons ” are ment pare
PY; i i tory of John Nevell of Faldingworth in my possessioa.

tions, owes its preservation to the fact that it has $ Pillowcases: “xiiij pillowbeares, 12s,” occurs in
been put away among certain official papers be- | inventory of John Thompsone, of Newton Bewley, has
longing to the diocese of Lincoln, and has thus | bandman, 1583. Durham Wills (Surtees Soc.), ii. 76.

4° 8.1

==
Um
aware,
passage:
to the
noticed,
“ My |
nica) off
book, ar
was spen
anew w
p- 62.
paper bs
cyclopeed
moment
from his
sentimen
planked |
he had s
Lydgate
Middlem

SHak
notice ri
a Week
tion: —

rary ¢

th of
the exis
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one I al
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“Ther
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The |
VIL:

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_ al
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By th
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c.

g@ 8. IX. Marcu 23, ’72.}

=

Unurry or Encycropxp1as.—So far as I am

aware, the striking coincidence in the following

ges from fact and fiction, bearing testimony

to the value of encyc lop:edias, wl not been
noticed, or, more interesting still, accounted for:

“ My father took the Encyclopedia Britan-

book (the

nica) off Sandy’s hands... . . 1 lighted upon t tored
book, and from that time f we all my spare tin
was spent be e the t | containi t \ It was
anew world to me.”’— Memoir i ( nbers, 13872,
p. 62.

« . het t Ww ty Ww ] tl rey
paper backs and dingy labels—t imes ‘
cyclopedia whi h he had never dist eer th
moment of vocation had come, a1 I t down
from his chair, world was . » hin 1 pre-
sentiment of endless processes the vast spaces
planked out of his sight by that wordy igr ce, which

he had supposed to be knowl vais
Lydgate felt the growth of an intellectual passion.”—

Middlemarch, book 256.
M. H. M

RY ricisM.—A
rles Reade in Once
ins this observa-

SHAKESPEARE:
notice of the writings
1 Week of January 20 last cor
tion: —“ With regard to ‘
orary criticism has left but two remarks in print,
Pech of them ,
the existence

unfavourabl I was not aware of
of more than a single contemporary

reference to our great bard, and should be glad to

be informed where the other is to be found. The

one I allude to is of course the well-known dis-

araging criticism by Robert Greene, the Eliza-
ethan dramatist, P et, and novelis

“There is ar tart yw beaut i with our feathers»

that with his tiger's | ‘wrapt player's hide, sup-

he is as well a to boml out a bla rse as

u, and | ni lute Joh MK actotu
WI nceit t ly Shak : t int

The line in itali
VI.I.4

“Q! tiger's heart wrapped in a woman’s h
which was taken from an old play called 77
First Part of the eg penesand oO the tu » famous
Houses of York and La : Shal _ are is
known to have found 1 his He nry | 1. 1 thi
= and another, which are suppos "
een written by Greene or his friends, :

no doubt,

rimonious remark.

range similarity
1 ucter of Tt »bert », and that
of another unhappy son of genius, Edgar Allan

Poe, ever been noti ed r The S€

remarkable men
were both endowed with talents of a very high
order, which th ey lamentably wasted and mis-
used. They both led lives of profligate indul-
gence, were the slaves of brutish int temperance,

and addicted to gambling and other vices. They
both died under the age of forty, steeped to the
lips in overty and degradation. Greene was

rescued from a death of starvation in the streets

NOTES AND QUERIES,

237

by the charity of a stranger, who took him to his
house and tended him till he died; while Poe,

| being picked up insensibly drunk in a street in

years,

| de rey on

fin. Such are

Baltimore, was carried toa public hospital, where
he ended his life two days afterwards

H. A. Kennepy.

Waterloo Lodge, Re

ading.

Moorr AND Butwer-Lytron.—In The Le
Days of Pompeii (chap. v.), Glaucus, the Athertian,
is made to say :—

“ T am as one who is left alone at a banquet, the light

and the flowers faded.
W. as this borrowed by the
to Moore, whose song “‘Oft in the st
contains the lines : —
“ T feel like one who treads alone
Some banquet ball deserted,
Whose lights are fled, whose garland
And all but he departed.”

The novel was published in 1834, nearly twenty
I think, after the song; or is the
older than either ? Norval CLyYnNe.

Aberdeen.

WITHER AND Kesite.—Norvat CLyne has
noticed (p. 158) a paralle between two lines
in a song of Burns’ and two in a poem of Mr.
Keble’s. Let me point out another parallelism in
the same vé of that poem to a stanza in one

author in — it
ly night’

dead,

simil

lism

of the R ad poet Wither wrote (circa
1632): —
“Ww ther thralled o1 ciled,
Vhether poor or rich thou t

er praised or reviled,
Not a yer it is to thee

- thy rest doth win thee,
» mind that is within th

Mr. Ke ble’ se is —

* Sick or i saad. slave or free
Wealthy or despised ar
What is that to him or the

So his love to Curist endur
When the shore is won

Who will count the billows 1
W. M.D
ant. —“‘A serva man-at-arms—grtf-
three of finitions of this
word, which I lately observed, in a generally very
xd and accurate dictionary; but as the last is
am I wrong in suggesting that segreant,
an heraldic term applied to a griffin, has been
mistaken for sergeant, by the compiler, and then
transferred to “serjeant.” This seems the more
likely, as the heraldic term seje mt is elsewhere
given, whereas segreant is not. This then would
be a mistake analogous with that of saying that
Shakspeare was written by Finis. S.
Tue GoitiotTine In 1872.—In The Times of
March 6, 1872, in an account of the recent exe-
cution of 7 ph Lemettre, the Audresselles mur-
he Place de Marquise, a small town

SERJ!

new to me,

238 NOTES AND QUERIES. (4% S. IX. Marcu 23, 73,

situated half-way between Boulogne and Calais,

the following occurs, which may, perhaps, be

worthy of a corner in “ N. & Q.” :—

“Formerly there was an exécuteur des hautes wuvres,

with a salary of 1,200f. a year, attached to each Cour

d’Appel in France, which were 26 in number, but as
many of the men of September 4, 1870, were advocates
for the abolition of capital punishment, they availed
themselves of their being in power to get rid of the guil
lotihes either by destroying the iron work and selling the
timber for firewood, or by burning them, as was the case
in Paris. The various executioners having been dis-
missed, only one, M. Heinderech, sometimes called by the
old name Monsieur de Paris, has been re-appointed with a
alary of 600 francs (240/.), and he will in future have to
execute all sentences of death throughout France. A
new guillotine has been made under his personal dire«
tions. The old style of guillotine was a very cumbrous
affair, mounted on a scaffold to which thirteen steps, a
fatal number, gave access. The new one stands on the
ground, and is much smaller than the old; when taken
to pieces it packs in the van already referred to, together
with the baskets and other apparatus; there is a seat in
front for three persons, and with two horses the execu-
tioner can go to any part of the country ; though when the
railway is available the van travels on a track, &c.
Lemettre turned to deliver himself to the executioner,
when an old priest came forward to whom Lemettre again
expressed his repentance, and begged of him to obtain
his father’s forgiveness for all the grief he had caused
him; the old priest bade him farewell, two of the assist-
ants fastened him to the table, another adjusted his head,
and like a flash of lightning the knife fell, and with a dull
thud the criminal’s head fell into a basket, the time from
his parting with the old priest to the falling of the head
being hardly three seconds, to such perfection has the
guillotine been brought.”

CHARLES Mason.

3, Gloucester Crescent, Hyde Park.

SKINNER’s AND Jacos’s Horse. —In a leader
in one of the daily papers * lately appeared the
following : — .

“ Skinner (’s) and Jacob’s Horse . . . . wore the /oovest
of galligaskins and the highest of boots. Californian. . .
gold was discovered by diggers in knickerbockers and
high boots.”

As a matter of fact, the Irregular Suwars of
India have always worn breeches fitting extremely
tightly to the 7 the reverse of knicker-
bockers. Both Jacob’s and Skinner's horse wore
tights. 8.

AMERICAN Eacie.—Yesterday I heard an odd
bit of American folk lore concerning the heraldry
if Russia and America. As we were rowing down
the harbour from hence to Lyttelton, on passing
an old American vessel, I pointed to a Yankee
the emblem of his country painted on the stern
of the ship. “ Yes, sir,” said he, “ at home folks
say the Russians gave us that. Russia formerly
carried two eagles on her flag; when we gained
independence she gave one of them to us, and put
two heads on the one she had left.”

Tomas H. Ports. |

Ohinitahi, New Zealand, Dec. 2, 1871.

* Daily Telegraph, Feb. 22, 1872.

| Queries.

Rev. Wa. Bappetey. — Wanted, information
concerning the Rev. William Baddeley, rector of
| Hayfield, Derbyshire. He lived about 1755, Hp

took the Rev. John Wesley's side in the religious
movement of the eighteenth century. LE

“ Bartay.”—Am I right in surmising that the
word “ Barlay,” used by children in play (“Bar
lay this,” &c.) is the same that was used by the
author of Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight, *
and given by Mr. R. Morris t as a corruption of
the aflirmation “ by our Lady” used in the West-
Midland dialect, cirea 1360? t See also the Glow
sary to Mr. Dyce’s Shakespeare.§

Broughton, Manchester. Tua. K. Totty,

Str Ranpotpu Epwiyn.—I should be glad to
ascertain the parentages, issue, and situation of
the estate of the worthy couple thus referred to in
The London Magazine and Monthly Chronologer
for 1748 (vol. xvii. 189), under the marriages
in April, 1748: “ Sir Randolph Edwin, possessed
of a large estate in I[ampshire, to Miss Maris
Churchill of Bond Street.” J. E. Core.

1, Whitehall Gardens, S.W.

Fiescut Famity.— Where can a pedigree of
the Italian (Genoa) family of Fieschi be seen
showing those members who flourished in the
seventeenth and eighteenth centuries ?

A. 0. V. P.

Fourmont: Isranicott1.—Can any of your
readers give me some information as to the literary
forgeries of Fourmont and Ibranicotti ?

H. A. Powys,

St. John’s College, Oxon.

Tue Frencu Surp t’Ortent.—Southey, in his
Life of Nelson, says that when the French admiral’s
flag-ship l’Orient blew up at Aboukir she had
money on board to the amount of 600,000/ Was
ever any attempt made to fish it up, as they are
now, I believe, trying to with the treasures of
the sunken Spanish galleons in Vigo Roads? It
is well known that during Queen Anne’s reign
coins were struck, bearing the word “ Vigo,” with
part of the bullion which was captured there.

Pp, A. L.

“ Hanp or Giory.”—In Grose’s account of the
“‘ Hand of Glory ” (Prov. Glossary, 2nd ed. 1790), I
find these words—

“Ihave thrice assisted at the definitive judgment of
certain criminals, who under torture confessed having
used it.”

* Specimens of Early English. Morris, 1867, p- 229,
bottom line.

+ Ibid. pp. 436 and 442,

t Jbid. pp. 220 and 207.

§ The Works of William Shakespeare. The =
revised by the Rev. Alexander Dyce, 1866. Vol. ix. p- 2%

| s. v. “* Barley-break.”

the
par-
the
u,*

of

est-
loge

of
) in
ger

7
"
ges

sed
ria

: of
pel
the

our
ary

8,

al’s
had
Vas

of
It

ign
‘ith

t of
ring

290

ext

4% §, IX. Marcu 23, 72.)

NOTES AND QUERIES.

239

What does “the definitive judgment of crimi-
nals” mean? Was not torture in England done
away with long before Grose’s time? Had the
“Hand of Glory” any real power of fascination,
and did it ever have the effect mentioned by
Grose—viz. that of rendering people powerless
to move ? H. S. Sxrpron.

Tivoli Cottage, Cheltenham.

Cart. Henry Heron.—In Schiller’s Life and
Works, by Emil Palleske, translated by Lady
Wallace, we are told with regard to Lotte von
Leagenfeld that her “heart was a second time
affected by the devotion of a very agreeable Eng-
lishman, Captain Henry Heron; but the duties of
his profession compelled Heron to go to India”
(ii. 99). Who was this gentleman? He must
have been a member of one of the branches of the
north-country family of that name. CoRNvB.

Jonn Knox's PsaLter.—Bibliographic infor-
mation regarding this psalm book would be thank-
fully received by the subscriber.

James MILLER.

Free Library, Paisley.

Lzgat INTERPRETATION.—

|

“These few words comprehend the whole theory of |

legal interpretation—an art which has never flourished
s0 vigorously as in England. In some countries a law,
of which the Courts disapprove, is still executed until
public opinion demands its repeal: in others, advantage
is taken of an interval in which it has not been called
into force, and it is considered to have ceased by desue-
tude. Our Judges acknowledge its validity, but blandly
evade it by an interpretation. Peter, Jack, and Martin,
sitting in conclave to expound their father’s will, were
timidly scrupulous when compared with an English
Bench.” — Biographical Sketches, by Nassau Senior,
p. 186.

There is a similar passage to this in one of the
volumes of Lord Campbell's Lives of the Chancel-
lors, or of the Lord Chief Justices. Can anyone
point out where it occurs ? J. R. B.

| ters of the present Day.

Capt. Samvet Krne’s Narrative. — Oldys,

in his Life of Sir Walter Ralegh, quotes a manu-
script, then in his own possession, with the follow-
ing title :—

“Captain Samuel King’s Narrative of Sir W. Ralegh’s
Motives and Opportunities for conveying himself out of
the Kingdom, with the Manner in which he was be-
trayed.” MS. 2 sheets, fol. 1618.

He gives a few passages within inverted com-
mas, and these I presume are the words of the
original ; but so much of it is given only in sub-

cabinet on March 3, 1806.

stance, that it is impossible to guess what the

Manuscript really contained. Can any of your
teaders inform me whether the original or any
copy of it is extant? Mr. Edwards refers to

it im the margin of his Life of Ralegh as if it |

were in the British Museum. But he does not
say where; and as I find on inquiry that the au-
thorities of the Museum know nothing of it, I

walla, Guzerat, &c. ?

conclude that*the reference is due either to an
error of the press or to an imperfect recollection.

The authority of Captain King is relied upon

for facts of some importance with relation to

Ralegh’s proceedings on his return from his last

voyage—facts which rest on his authority alone,
and it would be desirable to have his own words,
James SPEDDING.

Dr. Jonn Owen’s Pepierer.—In Orme’s Lifé
of Dr. John Owen, the theologian, in the short
sketch of his pedigree there given, reference is
made for confirmation of a genealogical point to
a “ tree in possession of the family.” Can any of
your readers tell me whether this tree is still in
existence? and if it, or any copy of it, may be
seen ? CyYMRO.

PARLIAMENTARY Companions. — What works
of a similar character preceded that most usefu}
book Dod’s Parliamentary Companion, the issue of
which for the present session bears on its title-
page the words “fortieth year,” showing that its
first volume appeared in 1833 ?

The dates and titles of any works of similar
character might well be recorded in “ N. & Q.”
for the benetit of those who may have from time
to time occasion to trace the lives or histories of
any members of either House of Parliament. I
transcribe the title of one such, which is now
before me :—

“Memoirs of Eminent English Statesmen: being a
complete Biographical Sketch of all the Public Charac
Loudon: Published by Thomas
Tegg, No, 111, Cheapside. Price 9s. 6d. boards.”

It is a closely but clearly printed 12mo, of up-
wards of 600 pages, and is, I suspect, one of the
many compilations superintended, if not made, by
Sir Richard Phillips. It bears no date, but was
issued after the death of Pitt, and before that
of his great rival—Fox; the last division re-
corded in it is that on Mr. Stanhope’s motion
relative to Lord Ellenborough’s seat in the
P. C. W.

PRovERB.— What source is the proverb, “ The
cloud with the silver lining” derived from *
Milton would seem to be alluding to it in the
following passage in the Masque of Comus:—

* Was I deceived, or did a sable cloud
Tarn forth her silver lining on the night ?
I did not err; there does a sable cloud
Turn forth her silver lining on the night,
And casts a gleam over this tufted grove.”
Ferse 221 et seq.
Joun Pickrorp, M.A.
Hungate Street, Pickering.

Tue Puxsan.—Have any lithographs ever been
published of the theatre of war in 1848,9, in-
cluding views of Hylah, Ramnuggur, Guzran-
PaTHAN.

240 NOTES AND QUERIES.

(4 S. IX. Maron 23, °72,

Tae Qveex at Tempte Bar. —On the late
Thanksgiving Day, did the Lord Mayor at Temple
Bar present the Queen with the key of the gate,
as some newspapers stated, or with the civic sword,
as the pictorial papers represented ? J.R. B.

Reprcx.— What is the derivation of “ repeck,”
the name on the Thames for the doubled-spiked
ole by which a barge or punt is moored? I
follow the spelling of the Thames Conservators,
bat have also seen the word spelled “ ripeck”

and “rypeck.” Can it be wry-peck ?
W. F. R.

Windsor,

‘Roman Tessera.—I have just acquired an
eighteen-sided dice, apparently of Roman manu-
facture, of black marble, with the dots in white.
On twelve sides are spots from 1 to 12; between
each are two letters—N G between 1 and 2; SZ
between 3 and 4; N D between 5 and 6; NH
between 7 and 8; TH between 6 and 7; LS
between 8 and 5. 1. Is it known how such a
dice would be used? 2. Can the letters be ex-
plained ? J. 0. d.

[The eighteen-sided tessera referred to is of German
manufacture, eighteenth century, and can be acquired at
any toy-shop throughout Germany, and used as a game
of chance, each player contributing to pool, and drawing
from same, according to throw:— +

NG Nimm Ganzes =

N D = Nimm Deines lake your stake.

N H«= Nimm Hailfte lake half pool.

SZ Setze Za = Stake to be resubscribed.

L S = Lasz Sein = Let alone a blank throw.

T H = Trete Her)

TA Trete Ab §

Take whole pool.

Thrower retires from game. }

EavutvocaL Retationsarr.—A man is looking
at a portrait, and pointing to it, exclaims—
“ Brothers and sisters have I none;
But that man’s father is my father’s son.”
Query: Whose portrait is he pointing at?
G. H. Kytent.

[As already remarked, there is more than meets the |

eye in this equivocal relationship. See “N. & Q.” 4%

S. vi. 232, 288, 488. ]
™ . .
Royautst Tokens. — We have one of these
which has been kept as a kind of heirloom in our
family since the time of the first Charles, and I

should like to know something further respecting |

them.
In the Reliquary, i. 190, it is stated that—

“They were ‘used by the adherents of the Stuarts |

during the time of theGreat Rebellion, as an indication of
their attachment to the Royal cause.’ Watson, in his
History of Wisbeach (p. 485), says: ‘It was the custom
in those divided times, for the partisans of King Charles
to carry certain tokens about with them, and if all the com-
pany produced one the conversation became free. These

tokens consisted in the profile of Charles, engraved in the
manner of a seal, fixed upon a handle, to be worn in the
pocket; the seal bearing the impression of two angels
uniting the hearts of Charles and his subjects.’ ”

It will be observed that it does not here state
as to how they were used or produced in com-
pany. Ours came to my brother, Mr. Thomas
Chattock, from an uncle born nearly a century
ago, who alleged that they were used as tobacco-
stoppers. Hawkins Browne about that time sang—

* And thy pretty swelling crest,
With my little stopper prest.”

And this token appears to confirm the statement,
for the angels and hearts are nearly obliterated or
“ended in smoke.” But how if any of the“ com-
pany,” though good royalists, should have been
unable to smoke? Can your knowing readers add
anything further upon the subject of these inter.
esting relics ? C. CHarrocg.

Tae Seat or Priton Priory (formerly attri-
buted to Milton Abbey).—I am desirous to
ascertain in whose possession the matrices now
remain of the very beautiful seal of Pilton Priory,
co. Devon. They were found during the last cen-
tury, it is said, in Dorsetshire ; and were for some
time in the possession of the Rev. John Bowle,
M.A., F.S.A., of Idmeston, Wilts. An engraving
from their impressions was made by C. Hall at
the expense of the Earl of Warwick, bearing this
inscription, A Curious Ancient Seal of some Religi-
ous Foundation of King Athelstan. The seal being
attributed, by the Rev. Dr. Pegge, to Milton Abbey,
co. Dorset, the engraving was inserted in Hutchins’s
history of that county (3rd edition, 1815, iv. 231).
From the great beauty of the workmanship of
this monument of ancient art, it would be a sub-
ject of much regret that it should be lost sight of.

Joun Goven NICHOLS.

Sone: “Fyre, Gar Rup Her.”—With refer-
ence to this song, Burns writes (I quote from
Whitelaw’s Book of Scottish Song, 1845, p. 389):

“To this day among people who know nothing of
Ramsay’s verses, the following is the song, and all the
song that ever I heard :—

*Gin ye meet a bonny lassie,
Gi'e her a kiss and let her gae ;
But gin ye meet a dirty hizzie,
Fye, gae rub her ower wi’ strae.
“Frye, gae rub her, rub her, rab her,
Fye, gae rub her ower wi’ strae ;
And gin ye meet a dirty hizzie
Fye, gae rub her ower wi’ strae.’”

On this Whitelaw remarks :—

“ The tune of ‘ Fye, gae rub her ower wi’ strae’ is very
old. We see it attached to one or two English songs a5
far back as the beginning of the last century.”

| Now it occurs to me that the old custom of
sweeping the girls, noted DY Mr. RatcitPFE (Pp. 135,
ant), may possibly elucidate the meaning of this
song, which seems otherwise unintelligible, and
may perhaps furnish a local * habitation to its

——

* Burns here writes, “are always less or more localized
| (if I may be allowed the verb).” Was he the first to use
| this now common word ?

“Wat |
habitan

«N.
sten
they
Indi
whe

a Te
of to
was

any 1

Sv
the fi
l

His f;
Othar
from :
Idle,
Was 0}
Dé
came |
m-'
abbey
the la
3. }
of Ed.
count
4 Vy
and w)
Sunn;
Err
Corres
the Po
(Hudd
in) ;
suffix 4

Bradfo

War
under t

ery
5a

4® §, IX. Marcu 23, °72.]

ofigin. Would Mr. Caarprett kindly inform me
of the earliest appearance of the tune ? I should
be glad to learn also whether the custom is known
in Scotland, and if the language of the song is in
the Derbyshire dialect. W. F. (2.)

Srone Tosacco-Pirrs.— Among other stone
relics of the aborigines of North America, I have
a tobacco (?) pipe, found by a relative of mine
whilst digging a trench in a “clearing” in one of
the primeval forests situate a few miles from
London, Canada West. The bowl of the pipe,
which is about one-and-a-half inch deep, is orna-
mented round the margin of the mouth with seven
parallel rings. The stem is about two inches long,
but which does not appear to have been its original
length.

I should be glad to be informed through
“N, & Q.” by what method it is supposed the
stems of these pipes were pierced, as I presume
they were made at a period anterior to that of the
Indian’s knowledge of the use of iron. Also,
whether the red races who inhabited so northern
a region as Canada were acquainted with the use
of tobacco (Nicotiana) at the time that country
was discovered by Europeans? or the name of
any work that treats on the subject.

: JamEs PEARSON.

i

Suypry Quertes.—Information is requested on
the following subjects :—

1. The family of Bishop Horne of Norwich.
His father was the Rev. Samuel Horne, rector of
Otham, Kent. Where did this Samuel come
from? There were Hornes of Wakefield and
Idle, near Calverley, but I cannot find that he
was of either of those branches. There must have
been a fam ly settled somewhere else from which
came Samuel the bishop. If so, where ?

2. Where can‘l see a full account of the ancient
abbey of Ramsey, flourishing temp. Ed. L, and of
the lands, &c. thereto belonging ”

3. Where is there a list of the military tenants
of Ed. I. during his Welsh wars, those in the
counties bordering on Wales ?

4. What is the best historyof co. Huntingdon,
and where to be seen ? “" James Hiaern,

Sunny Hill, Cheetham Hill, Manchester.

Erruotocy or Surnames.—Will any of your

correspondents oblige by giving the etymology of |

the surnames of Baines (Lower Craven), Haigh
(Huddersfield), Wigglesworth (the Humbrian
basin) ; of the prefix At in Atkinson; and of the
suffix Allin Burnsall, Heptonstall, Birstall, &c, ?
C. A. FEDERER.
Bradford.

Wart Trrer.—In Black’s Guide to Kent, and |

under the heading of “Dartford,” Wat Tyler, or
Wat the Tyler,” is said to have been an in-

habitant of that place.

NOTES AND QUERIES. 241

“ And it was here that his daughter received the insult
which fanned into a flame the smouldering embers of dis-
content,”

In the Essex Annual for the present year 1872,
article on “ Brentwood,” page 139, occurs the fol-
lowing :—

“Tt was at Brentwood where the Poll-Tax insurrection
was set in flame by the death of the collector at the hands
of a blacksmith, who was enraged at the insults offered
to his daughter by that officer.”

I know a formidable movement began at Fob-
bing near Brentwood, when the people rose against
rhomas de Bampton, one of the commissioners
who had been ay pointed to superintend the collec-
tion of the famous capitation tax; but I cannot
see how bdth places can claim the honour of Wat
Tyler's first blow. Can any of your readers in-
form me on the subject ? p " RR. E. Way.

111, Union Road, S.E.

The real facts of this revolt are llows: The in-
surrection first broke out in Kent and | x, on which
the government sent certain commissior into the dis
turbed districts. One of them, Thomas de Bampton, sat
at Brentwood in Essex : the people of Fobbing, on being
summoned before him, said that they would not pay one
penny more than they had done. he threats of Bamp-
ton made matters worse, and when he ordered the serjeant
to arrest them, the peasants drove him and his men-at-
arms away to London. In Kent one of the collectors of
the poll-money went to the house of Walter, or Wat the
Ivler,in the town of Dartford, and di inded the tax for
a young maiden, the daughter of Wat. The mother
maintained that she was but a child, and not of the
womanly age set down by the act of parliament: the
collector said he would ascertain this fact, and he offered
an intolerable insult to the girl. The maiden and her

mother cried out, and the father, who was tiling a house
in the town, ran to the spot and knocked out the tax-
gatherer’s brains. The smouldering discontent of the
rural population at once burst into a flame, and Wat, as
if by mere accident, found himself captain of the host,
June, 1381.

Weruersy, Dean or Casnet. —I am anxious
te know where Dean Wetherby was buried, also
date of his will, and whether any of his descend-
ants are still living. He is stated to have been
of Yorkshire descent. A WETHERBY.

‘Worpswortn’s “ OnE ON THE INTIMATIONS OF
IMMORTALITY.”\—What exact meaning is to be
attached to the line in this—

“ The winds came to me from the fields of sleep ” ?

The whole of the third strophe of the Ode is
devoted to the outward aspects of spring. The
previous line—

“T hear the echoes through the mountains throng,”
suggests that the calm table-lands just below the
summit of the Lake mountains may be viewed by
the poet as the cradle or-sleeping-place of the
winds; but this meaning is harsh. Again, the
lines speedily follow—

* And all the earth is gay ;
Land and sea
Give themselves up to jollity.”

242 NOTES AND QUERIES.

(4S. IX. Marc 28, 72,

Can the “ fields of sleep ” mean the calm epring-
like tracts of ocean glimmering away into the
west, which thus becomes the home of sleep,
whence the evening breezes blow? Perhaps, too,
Wordsworth remembered Homer's expression,
“the barren fields of ocean.” This explanation
would suit the context “land and sea,” but I am
doubtful if it be correct. Will some Words-

worthian kindly explain the allusion ?
PELAGITS.

Replies.
ERLKONIG.
(4* S. ix. 138, 187.)

The wrong etymology usually applied to the
word Erikénig offers a striking example of the
misleading conclusions to which a wrong transla-
tion so frequently gives rise. Herder seems to
have been the first offender by rendering in his
Erlkinig’s Tochter,* which is a rather free trans-
lation of a popular Danish ballad, the word Elle-
konge—i. e. “ king of the elfs”—by the coined
word Erlkénig. The word Elle signities in Danish
both alder, alder-tree (Erie), and elf (Elf, Elfe,
or rather £lb); and Herder was probably misled

by the former signification, else he would have |

rendered Ellekonge by Elfenkénig—i. e. “ king of
the elfs.” The existence of an Erikénig is quite

unknown in the realms of “ spiritual” legend or |

fable, and Goethe has in his celebrated ballad
merely adopted the name coined by Herder, and
arranged the myth in his own original manner.
The word Erlkénig has also been adopted by
Heine in his literal translation of the above-men-
tioned Danish ballad.t From the context of
Heine's observations on the subject of “ Elfs,” it
can, however, be clearly seen that he knew very
well that Erlkénig’s Tochter means the “ elf-king’s
daughter”; and it certainly speaks highly in
favour of the late Rev. F. W. Robe
ship that he so accurately translated the German
Erikinig by “elfin king.” He evidently knew
what he was about.

Finally, I beg to add that people would do well
to consult Grimm's Worterbuch (as far as it has
been published), or the Worterbuch by Sanders,

before they address to you any queries about the

etymology and signification of German words ; and
that I allowed some weeks to pass before sending
you the oes hurried reply to the query in
question, because I hoped that some other corre-
spondent would send you the right information
who has more leisure for similar communications
than I. C, A. Bucunerm, Pu.D.
King’s College, London.

* See Herder’s Stimmen der Viilher.
+ Heine’s Simmtl. Werke, vii. 53, &c.

srtson’s scholar- |

GOURMAND: GOURMET.
(4 S. ix. 89, 162.

C. A. W. appears to have misunderstood the
object of my article on these words, which wag
simply to exhibit the curious phenomenon of two
words in the same language of parallel, though
not identical meaning, almost similar in sound
and orthography, yet widely different in their
origin and original associations. I traced up
gourmand to a Breton or Celtic root gorm, stuffing,
repletion. Gourmet I led back step by step to the
English groom, A.-S. guma. If gourmet has in
modern times drifted into the signification of a
connoisseur in meat as well as drink, it so much
the more strengthens my case; but I cannot find
that it is so, and C. A. W. has given no references
to authors by whom it is so employed. If it be
80, it is of very recent date. Ménage (1650) ex-
plains gourmet “ un homme qui se connoit en vin;
et ensuite, un marchand de vin; les marchands de
vin se connoissant aussi en vin.”

Cotgrave (1590-1650) translates it “A wine
cunner; a wine merchant's broker; one whom he
employs in the venting, and trusts with the
watching of his new-come commodities. In Car
pentier’s Seguel to Ducange (edit. 1766) it is inter-
preted “ Commissionaire, voiturier, ou garde des
vins et marchandises pendant qu’ils sont en route.”

It is thus clear that down to the middle of the
eighteenth century gourmet was simply a mercan-
tile term. Since then it has acquired the sense of
& connoisseur in wine, and, if C.A. W. be correct,
the further meaning of a general critic in good
cheer, though this sense must be of very recent
and popular application. In this explanation I
am at a loss to see the “confusion” to which
your correspondent refers.

I am not quite clear whether to understand
C. A. W. as deriving gourmand and gourmet from
the same root. None of the references he quotes
have the least tendency in this direction. He says,
“Gourmer is found in Ronchi ‘to taste wine,
and Wedgwood says it must have meant ‘ to eat
greedily’—and I think so too.” Although guesses
of this kind prove nothing, yet it is always de-
sirable in quoting an author to give his exact
words. Mr. Wedgwood does not say what is here
attributed to him. Under the head “ Gormandize,
Fr. Gourmand,” he says “ the verb must have sig-
nified to eat greedily, though only reserved in
Ronchi, gourmer, to taste wine.” I have shown
in my previous paper that gourmer and gourmd
have nothing to do with gormandize ; the deriva-
tion and history of each word being distinct and
| clear. d
| All the illustrations quoted by C. A. W. a

applicable to gourmand alone. Some of them are
not a little bizarre. The connexion of chaw wi
| gourmand reminds one of the derivation of

oo On 2h at ok.

not a
Sat a

oe

4 8, IX. Matcu 23, '72.]

NOTES AND QUERIES. 243

from Jeremiah King. Cucumber=gherkin=jerry-
king = Jeremiah King. In all etymological in-
quiries the main point to determine is, what are
the essential elements of the root, and how these
are affected by the phonetic changes called
Grimm's law. In the word gourm-and, Breton

. + }
gorm, the essentials are i—r—m, and these are

not affected by any phonetic change between

Celtic, Sanskrit, Greek, and Latin. Looking then |

for the equivalents in these languages, we find in
Sanskrit grasdémi, to devour, to swallow up; in
Latin gramen, originally “ pabulum,” connected
by Bopp and Pott with the Sanskrit. In Greek
we have ypaivw, to gnaw, referred also by Pott to
the same root. In all these we have the same
elements, the initial guttural, the middle semi-
yowel, and final nasal sounds. We have then, in
the Bas-Breton and Cymric gorm, the elementary
radical of gormandize. Why need we go further
and call up an imaginary connexion with gullet,
gorge, clot, gourd, &c., the origin of which can be
satisfactorily traced to other sources ?
J. A, Picton.
Sandyknowe, Wavertree, Liverpool.

I have nothing to say on the etymology of these
words, which has already been ably investigated,

but desire to cite one or two passages which occur |

to me, by way of illustration.
I was aware of the old and more classical dis- |
tinction between the terms—gourmand indicating
an epicure in eating’; gourmet, so to speak, an epi-
cure in drinking—and had noticed the modern |
tendency to apply the former to the man who
went in for quantity, and the latter to him who
more regarded quality, whether it were question
of solids or liquids. It is difficult to say when |
the change came about. You would hardly find
80 elegant a writer as Brillat-Savarin forgetful of |
the original and proper signification :—

|
4 |

ee les gourmands de Rome distinguaient, au
goat, le poisson pris entre les ponts de celui qui avait été
péché plus bas. N’en voyons-nous pas de nos jours qui
ont découvert la saveur supérieure de la cuisse sur la-
quelle la perdrix s’appuie en dormant ? Et ne sommes-
hous pas environnés de gourmets qui peuvent indiquer la
latitude sous laquelle un vin a miiri, tout aussi sfirement
qu'un éléve de Biot ou d’Arago sait prédire une éclipse ? ”
—Physiologie du Gott, Méd. ii.

So also Berchoux calls Lucullus—
“ L’illustre gourmand du salon de Diane.”
La Gastronomie, Chant I.

and says—

“

- +» « « les gourmands attentifs,
Avec l’eeil de l’envie ont dévoré d’avance
La caille, l’ortolan, la carpe, la laitance.”
Jb, Chant 111,
Still, a hundred years ago, Frederick the Great—
not a Frenchman born, it is true, but one who has
sat at the feet of Voltaire—in a witty poetical

| the accompanying map it is called Willy, an error

| duis, who engraved the maps in 1610. I feel
| rather nervous in not departing from mere Eng-

| epistle to the Sieur Noél, his mattre d'hétel, thus
| speaks of the same Roman epicure :—
“Ce Lucullus, fameux gourmet de Rome,

Dans ses banquets, au salon d’Apollon, &e.”

and says, a few lines further on —

“ Les fins gourmets, & table délicate
| Ne sonffrent point qu’un chétif gatgoti r
| Grossitrement travaille & la Surnate.”

}

Coming down to recent days, we could not
desire a better authority than the late Alexis
Soyer, himself a Frenchman, a scholar, and a cook.
In a learned, curious, and most interesting work,
this amiable man, speaking of beans, says :—

“Two kinds especially attracted the attention of true
connoisseurs of that class of gourmets elect, whose palate
is ever testing, and whose sure taste detects and appre-
ciates shades of almost imperceptible tenuity.”— The
Pantropheon, or History of Food, and its Preparation
from the earliest Ages of the World. London, 1853.”
8vo, page 54.

While, in another work, the two words are ad-
mirably differentiated, according to their more
modern and general acceptation :—

“S. You are perfectly right, my lord; the title of
‘ Gourmet’ belongs only to him who eats with art, science
and care, and even with great care.

“Lorp M, The ‘Gourmand’ is never entitled to the
name of ‘ Gourmet’; the one eats without tasting, whilst
the other tastes in eating."—The Gastronomic Regene-
rator, p. 611.

This is exactly the definition given to me by a
French friend, a professor of his language; and
such assuredly, whatever it may have been, the
tyrant, use, now wills it to be.

Witt Bates, B.A.

Birmingham.

WILLY.
(4 S. ix. 162.)

I will attempt an explanation of the name of
this river. Your correspondent W. R. M. may
perhaps be shocked when I venture to claim this
name as a plain English word— Wily. I see in
Speed’s Theatre of Great Britain that in the de-
scription of Wilts the river is ‘so spelt, whilst in

of spelling probably made by the foreigner Hon-

lish for the origin of this name, fearing that some
enthusiastic scholar may be down upon me for
spoiling some fanciful far-fetched derivation from
the Celtic or Keltic, whichever this lately much-
abused word really is.

The river Wily rises near Stourton, and runs a
course of about thirty miles to join with the
Nadder and Avon rivers near Salisbury. It gives
the name of Wilton to the town, which is situated
not far from its termination, and evidently by
means of that town also gives name to the county

244

of Wilts—thus Wilyton, Wilton, Wiltonshire, |

Wiltshire.

The Stour river rises very near to the Wily at
Stourton, and passes through Dorsetshire. Both
of these rivers are alluded to by Spenser in the
Faerie Queene (canto xi. p. 240, ed. 1617), where
is described tl procession of rivers to “ that great
banquet of the watry gods” in “ Proteus hall,”
“Where Thames does the Medway wed” :—

** And there came Stoure with terrible aspect,

Bearing his sixe deformed heads on hie,

That does his course through Blandford plains direct,

And washeth Winbourne meads in seasons drie.

Next him, went Wylibourne with passage slye,

That of his wylinesse his name doth take,

And of himselfe doth name the shire ther by:
And Mole that like a nousling mole doth make
His way still underground, till Thamis he overtal

The “ wylinesse ” of this river, which, accord-
ing to Spenser, gave rise to its name, may mean
either or both of two facts—l. For several miles
in the upper part of its course any river is in vain

looked for during several months of the year; for, |

in common with the Bourne and other Wiltshire
streams, the channel is then quite dry. 2. The
“ wylinesse ” may consist in the fact of the stream

disappearing (like the Mole) underground for some |

distance, and then appearing at Deverill villages.
Sir Richard Colt Hoare, describing this river in
the History of Ancient Wiltshire (p. 96), writes :
“The true and original source of this stream is but
little known, and has not been duly noticed in our large
map of the county, for it is here marked as rising in the
parish of Kingston-Deverill, whereas its real source lies
much farther to the westward, and in the adjoining
county of Somerset. This circumstance would have
escaped the observation of the most accurate geographer
if he had made his survey of this district in the summer

| Celtic.

months, for during that season there is no appearance |

of a river till you come to the villages of the Deverills.
The Wily rises from a perennial spring called Bratchwell,
in the parish of Kilmington, adjoining to that of Stour-
Sic « © « We now come to the tirst village bearing the
name of Deverill—a corruption from Diverill, and ace

quired by the eccentric character of this spring, which |

during the summer months takes a subterraneous course,
and appears as a permanent stream only at Kingston-
Deverill. In the very,dry autumn of 1787 it ceased to
flow in this and the adjoining parish of Monkton-Deve-
rill, and burst forth in that of Brixton-Deverill.”

The river Mole, which is associated in Spenser's
verse with the Wily, is in Surrey, as is doubtless
well known to most readers of “ N. & Q.,” for it has
obtained the notice of several poets besides Spen-
ser, and foremost of -all that of Milton, who, in
one of his occasional ‘poems, writes—

“The sullen Mole that runneth underneath,”
a line altered by Pope in his “ Windsor Forest”
into—

“ And sullen Mole that hides his diving flood.”

Marvellous accounts of the Mole’s peculiar va-
garies may be found in Camden's Britannia, also
an Aubrey’s Surrey (iv. 172). Aubrey describes

NOTES AND QUERIES.

[4** S. 1X. Marcu 28, '72,

it as the river “ Swallow,” and gives some inter
esting particulars of a great sinking of the earth
for a considerable distance near one of the “swal-

lows” or holes in the ground wherein the water
sinks. In dry summers, Aubrey writes, “one

may ride in the channel asin alane.” In Salmon’s
Antiquities of Surrey (p. 97) are some interesting
anecdotes about these “swallows.” In Manning's
History of Surrey, vol. i. (Introduction, p- iii.) an
explanation of these river phenomena is offered,
and in the article on “ Surrey ” of the Penny Cy-
lopedia a similar one is given. The likeness of
the cases of the Wily and Mole will be apparent,
and I think the origin of the name of each river
may be seen without looking beyond plain Eng-
lish language. A. B. Mippieton.
The Close, 8 ulisbury.

Permit me to anticipate the second edition (now
in the press) of my book, 7races of History in the
Names of Places, in which W. R. M. will find the
Wil class of names treated at some length. Briefly,
I take Wil-ea and Wil-tun (now corruptly written
Willy and Wilton) to be the water and the town
of the Wil, Wyl, or Wilt tribe, whose setu or
tribe station gave name to Wilsetu-scyre, now
Wiltshire. Parallel cases are found in Dor-setu
and Sumor-setu, now Dorset and Somerset shires.
Sir Thomas More gives the name as Wylshire,
and Ethelward (Chronicle, cap. ii.) calls the dis-
trict “ the province of Wilssetum,” and the people
“ Wilsete.” Bede mentions the Wiltes as settled
on the Lower Rhine. IV%il seems to be Saxon, not
FLAVELL EpMuUnDs.

Hereford.

“OUR KING HE WENT TO DOVER.”
(4" S. ix. 179.)

I send a transcript of this old ballad from “John
Gamble’s Musick Book,” a curious MS. of the
middle of the seventeenth century, in my posses-
sion. Itis found in several old poetical collections,
the earliest being (as far as I know)—

“Le Prince d'Amour, or the Prince of Love: with a
Collection of Songs by the Wits of the Age, 1660.”
8Svo. :—

“ Our king he went to Dover,
And so he left the land,
And so his grace went over
And so to Callice sand ;
And so he went to Bullin
With soldiers strong enough,
Like the valliant King of Cullin,
O Anthony, now, now, now :
“ When he came to the city gate
Like a royal noble man,
He could not abide their prate,
But he call’d for the Lady Nan!
He swore that he would have her
In all her maiden pride, he did vow
Their strong walls should not save her,
O Anthony, now, now, now.

4@ §. IX. Marcu 23, '72.]

NOTES AND QUERIES.

245

“Tantarra went the trumps,
And dub-adub went the guns,
The Spaniards felt their thumps,
And ery’d ‘King Harry comes!’
He batter’d their percullis,
And made their bolts to bow,
He beat their men to Acculus,
O Anthony, now, now, now!
“ King Harry laid about him
With spear, and eke with sword,
He car’d no more for a French man
Than I do now for a lord!
He burst their pallasadoes,
And bang’d them you kt
He strapt their canvassadoes,
O Anthony, now, now, now !

ow how ;

“Up went the English colours,
And all the bells did ring ;
We had both crowns and dollars,
And drank healths to our king
And to the Lady Nan of Bullin,
And her heavenly
The bonfires were seen to Flushin,
O Anthony, now, now, now !
* And then he brought her over,
And here the queen was crown
And brought with joy to Dover,
And all the trumps did s
And so he came to London
Whereas his grace lives now :
‘Good morrow to our noble kin
*Good morrow,’ quoth he, ‘to thou’;
And then he said to Anthony,
‘O Anthony, now, now,
Epwarkp F, RimBavtt.

angel's brow ;

yund ;

* anoth |
auc
>» quoto

now .

Monastic Lrprarres (4% S. ix. 290.)—W. W.
will, I think, find some information on the sub-
ject of his inquiry in Bernard’s Librorum Manu-
scriptorum Academiarum Ovxoniensis et Canta-
brigiensis, et Celebrium per Anghiam Hiberniamque
Bibhiothecarum Catalogus, Oxon, 1696-7; two
parts in one volume, containing upwards of one
thousand pages. kK. C. HaARtNeToN,

The Close, Exeter.

“My THovents aRE RACKED” (4 S. ix.
167.) —The verses—extending totwenty-four lines,
and headed “ Verses for my Tombstone, if ever I
should have one”—in which the line quoted

Vis

occurs, appeared on p. 7 of a pamphlet, The Great |

Sin of Great Cities, published in London by “ John

Chapman, 142, Strand, 1853,” being the reprint of

an article from the Westminster Review for July,
1850. S.

_Dz. Wa. Srropr (4 S. ix. 77, 146.)—The ad-
ditional stanzas to Dr. Strode’s beautiful epigram
are well known. I can give an earlier authority
for them than Dryden’s Miscellany Poems. They
are found in a rare little volume entitled—

“ New Court Songs and Poems. By R. V., Gent. Lon-
don: Printed for R. Paske at the Stationers’ Arms and
Ink-Bottle in Lumbard Street, and W. Cademan in the
Lower Walk of the New Exchange. 1672.”

| “The Kisses, with an addition,” are found on
p. 58.

The authorship of this collection of poetical effu-
sions is attributed to Richard Veale, but his claim,
| seems very doubtful, although he certainly was

| minished in number.

the publisher or editor of the volume. It is de-
dicated “To my ingenious Friend. Mr. T. D.,”
from which epistle it appears that this person
was the author of most of the pieces in the book.
[ extract the following passage :—

“ But, while I design a Dedication and a return of my
Thanks, I must not persist in a style so ingrate, as (I
know) this is, to a Man of your Temper. All that I now
beg of you is, That vou will be pleased to excuse those
Errors which (I fear) may be committed, either in Tran-
scribing, or Printing those things of yours, which (I am
assured) otherwise can have no fault: and to pardon me,
that I expose to thy World in Publick, what you write
for your Private Divertisement, and in a Particular Con-
cern.

This is followed by an address “‘ To the Reader,”
and a copy of verses “To Mr. T. D. on his Ingeni-
ous Songs and Poems.” T.D. may mean Thomas
Duffet, or Thomas Durfey. I inclined to
think the latter.

The volume contains a number of interesting
the “Duke's House,” the
“Academy in St. Bartholomew’s Lane,” the “ An-
ntal Musick-Meeting,” &c. I may remark that
in Perry’s Catalogue the authorship of this work
is attributed to Vaughan, certainly the
very last person we could imagine to have had
anything to do with its contents.

Epwarp F.

am

songs—some sung at

=r
Robert

RIMBAULT.

Craws or Suett-Fisa (4" S. ix. 57.) —On the
evident authority of the superintendent of the
Crystal Palace Aquarium, a writer in AU the
Year Round of March 2, 1872, p. 520, in an article
intituled “ Under the Sea,” says—

“One noticeable point in the physical organisation of
the lobster is, that should one of its legs become injured,
the lobster immediately drops it off, the point of sever-
ince being at the last juint close to the body ; no bleeding
ensues, for a skin immediately forms over the stump, and
a new limb then begins to grow.”

Mr. Bovcntrer would no doubt obtain all the
information he requires from Mr. Lloyd, of the
above aquarium. Tos. RATCLIFFE.

Unicorns (4* S. ix. 119.) —Whatever the head
exhibited in London may have been, the horn
which adorned it must have been that of the sea-
unicorn, or narwhal (Monodon monoceros), pro-
bably joined neatly to the front of the head of
some kind of horse. The stuffed mer-maidens
and mer-men which were carried about and ex-
hibited by men of the pedlar type, got up as
sailors, twenty or thirty years ago, were —s
of the same class. The fabulous monsters whic
used to be taken about the country and exhibited
to the unlearned have of late years greatly di-
Even the performing cana-

“246 NOTES AND QUERIES.

(4 S. IX. Maron 23, °79.

ries, the educated hare, and the rest have deserted
us. I remember the feelings of awe with which I |
was taken when a child to see “ the tortoiseshell |
woman,” “ the petrified man,” “ the sand-dogs of
the desert,” &c. Fat women, giants, and dwarfs,
however, still visit us, but the wandering glass-
blower who used to make ships and globular
magnifying glasses, and who spun glass before our
eyes, comes no more. However, there are to be
seen in Belfast at this moment “Two sea leo-
pards, male and female, alive, captured by the
captain of a ship in the German Ocean, and brought
by him into Liverpool.”

Mrs. Leadletter mentions in her Annals of
Ballitore a specimen of the “ fabled mandrake,”
which was carried by a Jew for exhibition to
Ballitore, but while the cook was giving the
wanderer his dinner, one of the servants opened
the case in which the mandrake was exhibited,
and found that it had been manufactured by com-
bining cleverly the skeleton of a frog with the
fibrous roots of some plant.
secret was respected, and though his deceit was
known, he was allowed to go in peace.

Ww. my 2

In Dugdale’s Monasticon there is a list of all
the gold and silver plate delivered to King
Henry VIII. from the stores and treasures of
monastic houses. Among the plate from Glaston-
bury, delivered to him on May 15, 1539, a curious
relic is thus entered :—

“Item, delyvered more unto his maiestie the same day
of the same stuff a greate pece of a unicorne-horne, as it
is supposed.”— Monasticon, Buhn, 1846, i. 65.

W.A.S. R.

“Wirna Hetmet on nts Brow” (4* §., ix. 15,
99, 168.)—The readers of “N. & Q.” may rest
assured that this air was not composed by Joseph
Mayseder, the popular German violinist. He
simply arranged the air as a “rondo” for his
instrument. The words were not written by G.
W. Reeve, who was a musician, not a poet.
Having devoted many years to the study of na-
tional music, I am certain that the air of “Le

etit Tambour” is French. It has none of the
Pnglish character about it, and, if possible, less of
the German. The characteristics of national music
is an interesting, but a very difficult study. I
venture to think that none but scientific musicians
can possibly have a voice in the matter. We
want a good book upon the subject, which has
been so well commenced by Mr. Carl Engel in his
Introduction to the Study of National Music. Long-
mans, 1866, 8vo. Epwarp F. Ruoesavtr.

“Nc BENE FECIT, NEC,” ETc. (4 S. ix. 180.)—
In a little book entitled Facetie Cantabrigienses
(London, 1825, p. 134), the story is told of Porson,
and is given as a proof of his acute and extraor-
dinary talents at an early age :—

However, the Jew’s |

“ When at a public school the following subject for a

theme was handed to Porson by the master :—
‘ Cesare occiso, an Brutus beneficit aut maleficit ?’

“A game being proposed, he joined the sports among
the rest of the scholars, and the theme was forgotten,
When called upon for his performance he was astonished,
on reference to his writing-folio, to find it quite unpre-
pared; the call, however, was imperative, and the mo-
ments but few and precious—indeed, so few as to preclude
the possibility of a laboured article; and, snatching up a
pen, he scrawled the following, which he handed to the
master, and which was received with no small surprise,
though with infinite satisfaction :—

‘Nec bene-fecit, nec male-fecit, sed interfecit.’ ”

As Porson was undoubtedly a wit in the highest
and truest sense of the term, there is nothing im-
robable in the story; but as I have not Mr.
Vatson’s book to refer to, I cannot of course say
what his reasons are for not attributing the pun
to one who, all through life, was remarkable for

smart sayings and witty ——.
2. W. H. Nasa, B.A.

Dublin.

Umsrecxas (4 S. viii. passim ; ix. 97.)\—The
following curious account of the introduction of
the umbrella amongst the uncivilized people of
Papua, or New Guinea, at Katan on the South
Coast, July 1871, occurs at p. 33 in the Journal of
a Missionary Voyage to New Guinea by the Revs.
A. W. Murray and S. Macfarlane just published:

“ As at Saibai, the umbrellas were objects of special in-
terest, so much so that we could not resist the temptation
to leave them with the people, One was given to the
chief, and the other to another man of importance, and
the demonstrations that followed the small gift were
amusing indeed. One grand difficulty, however, soon
checked their joy, the umbrellas were opened and could
not be shut again, although we had repeatedly opened and
shut them amid roars of laughter. At length one for-
tunate fellow discovered the secret, and was rewarded by
the loud acclamations of the bystanders.”

Jostan MItier.

Newark.

PANADE oR Pavape (4* S. ix. 181.)—I beg to
refer Mr. FuRNIVALL to Bailey's Dictionary under
“ Pannade,” “the curvetting or prancing ofa mettled
horse.” The root may be Anglo-Norman, for the
word survives in French, as se panader, “to strut,
to walk in a stately haughty manner.” It is re-
lated to se pavaner, cf. paon, “the strutting birds,
and pavin, “a grave and stately dance.” Here is
the v that makes panade convertible into pavade, as
Tyrwhitt found it. 1 take it for certain that the
Miller's “ panade”’ was a large, conspicuous,
flourishing sort of weapon of the sword kind.
Remember the claymore or “big” sword that
figures in the Gaelic sword-dance.

The Miller of Trumpington was well armed.
There was the long panade, “and of a sword full
trenchant * was the blade ”—a “jolly popper, and

* Compare trencher with pan.

oem a Oe Bi ee ete a Ae

co)
th

Ce

the

att
Ch

4% §, IX. Manon 23, ’72.] NOTES AND QUERIES. 247

a “ Sheffield whittle.” Further, all these articles | portion of J. L. O.’s interrogatory, “the date,”
are defined as “a panade, knife, and ’ dkin.” | namely, “of the delivery of the speech.” Brougham

The panade was certainly a sword ; the popper | gives no date, real or supposed, neither does he
or bodkin was a dagger, serving also as a fork; | attempt to verify the circumstance as an actual
the whittle was a knife, for a ‘guest carried his | occurrence. He only says, “ We have the anec-
own table-cutlery in those days. Of these dote upon good traditional authority,” and that
three articles, the popper or bodkin would now | “it was believed by those who had the best means
be classed as a poniard. The word is taken of knowing Lord Chatham,” a form of testimony
directly from pugio, and is quite different from | which Lord Brougham well knew would not be

panart.. The panade or panart was a cutting received as evidence in a court of justice. It might
weapon—“ g rrand couteau a deux taillans”; the | be interesting to learn whether this story rests
poniard is a stabbing weapon. A. Il, | upon any kind of foundation, or if it be purely
fictitious. J. C. Roger.
O’Donerty’s Maxis (4" 8, viii. 513; ix. 182.) Temple.
I am at a loss to see what your correspondent My father has often told a story of Mr. Pitt
means by stating that these aphorisms have been | (Lord Ch: atham), who, when speaking as I sup-
published in a separate form. Granting that they pose on the West Indian’ Slave question, began his

were so, and that I was unaware of it, it is not speech with “Sugar, Mr. Speaker, ” thereby not
said that the separate publication contained any- | ypn; aturally eliciting r a roar of laughter from the
thing additional to what the magazine bore on | house, Nothing daunted, Mr. Pitt began again
the subject of this discussion, or different from it. | with the same words—“ Sugar, Mr. Speaker.”
With deference to Mr. Bares, cannot agree | The laughter was renewed, but not so vehemently.
with him in regarding O’Doherty’s rules which | 4 third time Mr. Pitt reiterated the same formula
he quotes as so very powerful for their profe ssed | in a voice of thunder, turning round about with a
purpose. They are not like the replies which I | jook which effectually stopped any further dis-
mentioned as giwen by the punsters—clever, and play of risibility, and amid perfect silence con-
done at once without premeditation—but require | tinued his speech in triumph. The authorship of
the replicant to pretend to be deaf, to need a little | the speech may enable J. L. O. or any one who
nicety as to the proper time of utterance, the | has more time and opportunity than I have to
co-ope — of a confederate, and other devices | determine the date and occasion of it.
equally clumsy and vulgar, and by no means fair. |
|

Bows in Bonnets (4 S. ix. 37, 184.)—It was
the fashion, at any rate so far back as eighty years
ago, for single ladies to wear the bows in their
bonnets on the left side of the head; married
shabby scheme, but not until he had said and | ladies wore them on the right side; and widows!
taken credit for the whole of it, it would have | “#ey wore a large spread-out bow in front, on the
told as severely as did these answers. In the refer- | top of their bonnets, stretched out on wires to look

Nay, he does not scruple to designate his specific
as resembling the tricks of a juggler, while it
seems pretty obvious that if the answers given to
my friend were made to any one using O’Doherty’s

. . . . a. i » le > tT . > - Pp
ence to Swift, there is introduced a point of inter- the larger. Pos. RATCLIFFE.
rogation, which I must suppose is the Editor’s of |} Tur Lorp Boavexr (4 S. ix. 74, 169.)—The

“N. & Q.,”* for it cahnot surely be your corre- | name of Dr. Bokanki (w hoever he might be) was

spondent’s, by whom the passage is complimented. constantly used in my early days (about forty-five
The interrogation seems to imply a doubt, and | years ago) to frighten refractory children. “I can
many will concur with it, whether Swift could be | well remember how effectual it was in my own
guilty of such puerility. G. | case, and I have seen it work wonders upon
Edinburgh. | others. It was used in conjunction with the
Danrortu (4% S, ix. 180.)—This name is a devil's pick-axe—“ If you are not a good boy, Pil
corruption of Danford or Denford=the ford of send for Dr. Bokanki to bleed you gp devil °

the Dan or Den ; literally, the ford of the water. pick-axe"! Epwarp F. RIMBAUL®.
Conf. Denford, co. Northampton; Danthorpe, Lapy Atice Ecrrton (4 S, ix. 94, 150, 207.)
Danby, Denby, co. York ; Danbury, Essex; also, | Wright’s picture of the lady in Milton’s Comus
the river names Don, Danube, Tavas, Tawa, Ton. | is not a portrait of Lady Alice Egerton, but a
R. 8. Cuarnocx, | fancy picture, very pretty in its way, but of no
Gray’s Inn. | historical value. A contemporary portrait of this
| lady is in the collection of Earl Brownlow. It is
| a bust in low white dress, right hand holding
a blue scarf. The canvas measures twenty-nine by
twenty-four inches. It was exhibited among the
on _ national portraits at South Kensington in April,

[* Not the Editor's. } 1866, Epwarp F. RrmmBavtt.

“Sugar” (4 S, ix. 161, 189.) — The story
attributed to the elder Pitt (not then Earl of |
Chatham) is well known. Lorp Lyrretron’s |
reply does not, however, deal with the essential

248 NOTES AND QUERIES.

[4% S. IX. Marcu 23, °72,

Brive-vinip Curse (4 S. viii. passim; ix.
101.)—I copy a paragraph upon this subject from
The New Forest, its History and Scenery, by John
R. Wise. The author says:—

“Let us take the adjective vinney, evidently from the |
Old English jfinie, signifying, in the first place, mouldy ;
and, since mould is generally blue or purplish, having
gradually attached to it the signification of colour, Thus
we find the mouldy cheese not only named ‘ vinney,’ but
a roan heifer called a ‘ vinney heifer.’”

The most singular part, however, as exemplify-
ing the changes of words, remains to be told.
Since cheese from its colour was called “ vinney,”
the word was applied to some particular cheese |
which was mouldier and bluer than others, and
the adjective was thus changed into a substan-
tive ; and we now have “vinney,” and the tauto-
logy “blue vinney” as the names of a particular
kind of cheese, as distinguished from the other
local cheeses known as “ommary ” and “ rammel.”

ANON.

Horcn Por (4" S. ix. 180.)—From an old book
entitled Pri ileqia Londini, by W. Bohun of the
Middle Temple, Esq., published in 1725, I ex-
tract the following as furnishing some reply to
hia. CHATTOCK’S query :—

“Tt is said to be the custom of London, that if the
father advance any of his children with any part of his
goods, that shall bar them to demand any further part,
unless the father under his hand or in his last will do
express or declare that it was but in part of advance-
ment; and then that child so partly advanced shall put
his part in hotchpot with the executrix and widow, and
have a full third part of the whole, accounting that which
was formerly given him as- a part thereof.”—Co. Litt.
176, b. ; 12 Co. 1138.

From this it would seem that hotchpot was a
custom confined to the City of London, and, as
custom merely, would come under the category of
lex non scripta. I can throw no light on the date
of its origin or repeal. ‘There can be little doubt,
I think, that the custom gave the name to the
dish now called “ hodge-podge.”

Epmunp Tew, M.A.
P.S. Boyer in his French Dictionary gives
hochepot as “ mingle-mangle.”

PERSECUTION oF THE Heatuen (4" S. ix. 118,
187.)—The assertion of Mr. W. J. Bernyarp
Samira that “she (Hypathia) was assuredly a

Pagan martyr,” is, I think, open to very grave |

exception ; for to have been this, according to the
ecclesiastical acceptation of the term, she must
have given up her life in defence of, or for the
sake of, her religion. On the authority of Socrates
(Eccles, History, \ib. vii. cap. Xv.), and of Gibbon
(Decline and Fall, chap. xivii.), who, in his ac-
count, closely follows Socrates, it is clear that
this was in no way a religious but a political
murder.

The story ie too long for insertion in these
pages. Al) that I can do, therefore, is to direct

| the reader.

any who would procure it to the authorities I
have given. Any one who knows Gibbon knows
only too well how glad he would have been of
such a handle as this against Christianity ; and
no one who reads the account of Socrates will
fail to see how utterly he abominates the whole
affair, and also the principal actors init. These
were Cyril of Alexandria and his creature, Peter
Epmvunp Tew, M.A.

WaSHINGTON AND Kent Famiires (4" §., ix,
140.) —Some time ago, in Simpkinson’s Washing-
tons, I wrote down a pedigree from some sour .e,
which I do not recollect, but which proved a con-
nection with Kent.

Lawrence Washington,
Mayor of Northampton, |
lL. Feb. 19, 1583-4.

Anne Pargiter.

Lawrence Washington, Anne Lewin of Kent,

M.P. for Muidstone, a. |

1619. |
}
Robert Washington = Elizabeth Light.
en
Lawrence Washington, = Margaret Buller.

d. 1616.

John Washington,

emigrated to Ame- |

rica 1657,
|

Washington,
d. 1697.

Lawren¢

|
Augustus Washington Mary Bell.

|
George Washington, first President of the United States,

d. 1799.

J. RB.

P.S.—The following is an extract from The
Washingtons by Simpkinson. 8vo, Lond. 1800,
p 316 :—

“Baker makes Sir Lawrence Washington of G ursdon,
Wilts, the second son of Lawrence, the grantee of Sul-
srave. He was really his grandson; one out of four suc-
essive generations of Lawrence Washingtons having been
left out by Baker. The son of the grantee, and father of
Sir Lawrence, is described (Her. Vis. 1618) as of Maid-
stone in Kent; for which borough he was M.P. in 1 Jac.1.
1603. (Parl. Hist. vol. v.) He was register of the
Court of Chancery, and the patent of his appointment
(35 Eliz.) may still be seen among the Lansdowne MSS.
in the British Museum (No. 163). He died in 1619, aged
seventy-three, and was buried in Maidstone churen
having married Ann Lewin, a Kentish lady. (Hasted’s
Hist. of Kent.)”

He was elected demy of Magdalen College,

Ge Ge? 4 Ot ot oe

lie
is

Sta
is

cha
In j
con
“ L
has

NOTES AN

4% S, IX. Marcu 23, ’72.]

Oxford, in see and sworn July 26, 1561, aged |

fifteen, of Northampton.

‘¢ As STRAIGHT AS A Dik”

nee t the value of all that your several
— lents have said upon the phrase, especially
Mr. Groree WALLIs’s account of the operation
of stamping metal, I mu all due deferen
submit that or 1 all have mistaken its mean

(4° 8.3

x. 119, 185

cor-

with

eana al

ing. Mr. ¢ HATTOCK observes that “a die, ac-
cording to any dictionary, is a tamp used in
coining money, and must of necessity be round.”

rd ** die

the

There are exce pti ns to this, for wi

is not to be found at all in Bailey it Dr. John-
son states the matter « ctly, tl ie,” in on
sense, is the singular « i 1en we
say “ the die is cast,’ ply a translat f
the Latin phrase “ Ji ta est alea.” And so Shake-
spear —
I ha t 1ca
And I will stand t izard of tl
hi Ill
Well then may the comparis be made,
straight as a die,”’ for evidently if not shaped wit)
the utmost « tness the « would be false a
worse than usel It is unneces t rve
how oft urse was had to t I t tl
Romans 1 Persi ive am or i t
how n ») his younger « he preferred t]
study of these to that of o _
“ Sepe oculos 1 vi bam {|
Grane ! rt { i
Dis udanda s
Qu i diret am}
Jure etenit sumt id dextér f
Scire « \ , , ula
Raderet ullier

P.S. I supr
of dies, the plural of d
case and demand

Sli } ry.

Loncervity (4 S, ix. 217.)—I submit that this
is no case of longevity in any wonderful ser It
= cael }
only means that the united ages of the old coupl

exceeded one hundred and eighty years.
LYTTELTON.
Lorp-LievuTenant (4 8. ix. 220.) —“ Lords-

lieutenants strictly correct, but Lords Justices
is nota pr per pare alle l, because Justice is a sub-

18

stantive, whereas Lieutenant is really a Fren
jective, or rat] participle, “ place-h« lding.’
is therefore in grammar like “les hommes mar-
chans,” or any similar phrase. But it is true that

in its English use Lieutenant has completely be-
come a substantive. On the other hand, “ Lk rd-
Mayors” varits from the usage followed in
“ Lords Justices ” simply because “ Lord-mayor”’
has come to be r garded as one word. :
LYTTELTON.

D QUERIES. 249

Savuties (4 S. ix. 140,
spondents who have addressed you on this subject
will find in the Memoir of Robert Chambers (pub-
lished within the last few weeks, and well worthy

186.) — Your corre-

all readers of “N, & Q.”), at
pp. 107-8, some information about the duties of
the saulic nd a note on the derivation of the
word which has been coupled therewith in your
columns. Mr. Wm. Chambers, editor of the Me-
moir, gives the word, however, as gumfler, and
connects it, ¢ es your correspondent W. T. M.,
wi h « fi on. G.J.C.8
Ay r, N.B

of being seen

by

us di

Crericat Lonegviry (2S. ix. 8, 73, 252, &e. ;
x. 119, 158, 315.) —Is the re any foundation in fact
for the statement often made of the longevity of

is none
of extreme
errible toa
The late

a body? I believe th
whatever; and that all the cases cited
age, even among incumbents, ref
state ol things whicl no long er exists.
secretary of the Clergy Mutual Assurance Soci ty
favoured the common view, but his table of mor-
tality was based on the lives of 5000 clergy only,
who died between 1750 and 1850; probably
he far greater proportion, if not all, were in easy
circumstances—dignitari rals, or incum-
x1 livings, whose lots cast in

the clergy as

and
s of cathed

bents with go were

quieter times than these. My own experience,
not very extensive certainly, would lead to a very
different « | inion, at least as regards curates. Of

propor-
from
r, or from
and profes-

friends and acquaintances a large

lied in the prime of life;
visiting the sick p
to their mode of

some

able life

Causes tract

sion; diseases affecting the nervous system, heart
complaints, paralysis, &c., or throat affections.
Two have been in lunatic asylums; two com-
mitted suicide; one had brain-fever, and others
have become prematurely old. While the public
services are to many very trying to the nerves,
the want of society, ¢ scopt that of the sick-room,
is still more depressing; and in country parishes

has to be much longer at the bedside
tients than the doctor. I believe, then,
the tenure of life of a curate in these days is not
more, but less secure than that of other classes of
the same status. If any read f “N. & Q”
have made observations on the longevity of cu-
rates as well as incumbents, will they oblige me
and others by giving the results ?
; F. J. LEACHMAN,
» Hight A
Rovunp Towers or Norrotk (4" S. ix. 136,
186.)—The round towers in Norfolk generally
appear, at any rate in the lower part, to be the
oldest part of the church. The upper part of
many of them seems to have been repaired or re-
stored, and in some cases made octagonal, the
base however remaining round. The body of the

the curate
of fever p:

ill

ers ¢

M.A,

, Compt Terrac

ur

church seems to have been built on to the tower;

250 NOTES AND QUERIES.

}
this is evidently the case with two very perfect

ones near Norwich—viz. at Colney and Baw-
burgh. The door to most of them seems to have

been placed six or eight feet from the ground, so |

that access could only be gained to them by a
ladder; moreover the windows are splayed out-
wards and downwards—they are in fact arrow
slits. One very observant man, who knows many
of them, thinks that they were intended as places
of defence—in fact that, like some of the church
towers on the English and Scottish border, they
were peel-houses. Most of those I know are near
rivers, but Norfolk is so intersected with slug-
gish pike-fishing streams that I think this may
be ay an accidental circumstance.
C. W. Barktey.

GrapvaL Diutycetion or Provincrat Dra-
tects (4" 8S. viii. passim; ix. 86, 171.)—N. has
misunderstood me. My object was not to criticise
penny readings, but to record the noteworthy fact
that our people already enjoy laughing at the
ie | dialect their fathers spoke and speak. I both
understand and enjoy the broad Lancashire pieces
when there is any real wit in them to enjoy, and
I mourn over our vanishing dialects. P.P.

Beer-Jue Inscriptions (4% 8S. viii. passim;
ix. 20, 170.) — The inscription at p. 170 is taken
from one of Dibdin’s nautical ballads, and is en-
titled “Saturday Night at Sea.” It is a song
in ‘much favour with the now fast-dying-out Old
Salt. Good sentiment runs throughout it, but I
fear that in these days of iron turrets and other
naval transformations the spirit of the composi-
tion will be lost, and Poor Jack, in the shade,
will have to console himself with the homely but
stirring toast, that touches a sympathetic chord
in the breast of every true British seaman, of
“ The lass that loves a sailor.” E. J.

Nelson Square, S.E.

Royat Heaps on Bertrs (4 S. ix. 76.)—I
have met with the following instances of the
second type of royal heads inquired for by Mr.
EttacomBe. The “cross” referred to below is
like fig. 24 B in Raven’s Church Bells of Cam-
bridgeshire, which Mr. Raven has found with the
same royal heads (see his book, p. 17). I think

Awsten Bracyer wasa predecessor of, or in some | é 0 :
for his poetry”; that “though he hath not wnt

way connected with, the Nottingham Oldfields.
A founder's shield containing the letters “ A. B.”
occurs on bells, together with another shield
which the Oldfields used; and these royal heads
and the above cross are again common to Bracyer
and the Oldfields. Thomas Hedderly of Not-
tingham, who used these royals as late as 1742,
was a successor of the Oldfields, and used other
stamps that had come down to them. (See
Yorkshire Archeological and Topographical Jour-
nal, i. 61, &c.; and pp. 193, 194.) The shields
here referred to appear from the stamps of letters,
>

[4 S. IX. Marcu 28, 72,

&c., with which they are associated, to have be-
longed to the same great foundry, probably before
the Oldfields had it.

“A” bears an attenuated cross saltire rather
spreading out at the ends, and extending to the
corners and margin of the shield, intersected by
a small cross pattée in the centre.

‘* B” contains the initials r ¢ in black-letter, and
a trade-mark with cross pattée, and flying streamer
at top.

List of royals hitherto found in Lincolnshire:—

Marton, near Gainsborough (lst bell). Queen,
with shield A, “ Lombardic ” letters.

Stow (4th bell). King, with trade-mark of § o,
and a cross used by Henry Oldfield (Raven, 24 B),
“ Lombardic.”

West Rasen * (3rd bell). King, with shield B
(each twice), black-letter.

St. Peter’s at Gowts, Lincoln (3rd bell). King
and queen (each twice), with shield A, “ Lom-
bardic.”

Waith (1st bell). King, with shield B, and cross
as above, “‘ Lombardic.”

Frodingham * (5rd bell), King, with shield B,
black-letter. J.T. F

Hatfield Hall, Durham.

Broveuam Anecpotes (4% S, ix. 195.)—There
is another version of the lines quoted by Mr. Prxe,
which some years since I committed to paper
from recital of a friend, who professed to give
them with accuracy :—

“Tf bugs infest me as in bed I lie,
Shall I forsake my bed? oh no, not I,
But rout the vermin, every bug destroy,
New make my bed, and all its sweets enjoy.”

My informant did not connect these lines with
Brougham, but stated that they had appeared
in a political publication printed about the year
1832—the Black Dwarf, he seemed to think. It
is, however, quite possible that Brougham may
be the author. A Mipptr Temp.as.

Grorce Ferrers (4" S, ix. 196.)—There is 4
short life of him in Wood's Athen. Oxon., vol. i.
col. 152, ed. 1691. There are some additions to
what Dr. Riweavtr mentions. Wood says that
he was born “ at or near to St. Albans”; that he
“became as eminent for the law as before he was

much, yet he is numbered among the illustrious
and learned men of the age he lived in (by
Joh. Leland the antiquary, in Ilustr.in Angl. ww.
Encomium, ed. Lond. 1589, p. 99) ; that he wrote
Miscellany of Poems, and translated from French
into Latin The Statutes called Magna Charta” ; that
there is more about him in Leland, w. s.; a

that he may have been member for Plymouth in
1642, q Ep. MarsHall

* Have a cross often found with the same shield, quite
different from Raven, 24 B.

4 §, IX. Maron 23, '72.)
ee
Onz-Pexxy (4%
“Bastuixpa. The
mands ; the choosing
Night. Phillips.”

S. ix. 201.) —Halliwell has

play called Questions

Joun ADDIS.

Drvorce (4* S, ix. 200.)—A woman divorced
retains her marriage name; but I take it there is
nothing to prevent any one from assuming any
name he or she may think fit.

R. S. CHARNOCK.

Gray’s Inn.

“Boarp” (4 S. ix. 93, 149, 209.) —How steam
has superseded navigation! In these days a per-
son may voyage 120,000 miles without making
a board, or hearing the term, which applies to
sailing only. Dana’s Seaman’s Manual (American)
explains board, “ the stretch a vessel makes ups yn
one tack when she is beating.” W. G.

Crry State Barees (4S. ix. 199.) —If M.F.C.
wishes to know the present whereabouts of the
ex-City state barges, Re should visit Oxford, and
take a stroll in Christchurch meadow, by the
river side; for there many, I believe, of the
barges of the different colleges, used as club-
rooms by the subscribers, are the old state barges
of the City companies, and may now be seen, re-
fitted and adapted to their present purposes.

;

“Tue Foxctove wuicnu Tom,” Etc. (4% S. ix.
181.)—This couplet will be found in The Alphabet
of Flowers, one of a series of shilling toy books
published by George Routledge and Sons, London.

he book came into my house three or four years
ago. Why do the publighers of most children’s
books now not print a date upon them ?

W. om Fe
Miscellaneous.
NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.
Royal and Republican France. A Series of Essays re-
printed from the “ Edinburgh,” “ Quarterly,” and
“ British and Foreign” Reviews. By Henry Reeve,
Corresponding Member of the French Institute. Jn

Two Volumes, (Longmans.)
Those who agree with Bolingbroke that “history is
philosophy teaching by examples,’ and by studying

the past revolutions of France would desire to learn the |

future destiny of that great and once all-powerful country,
will find ample materials for so doing in the series of
essays here reprinted from the various reviews in which
they have appeared from time to time during a period of
nearly thirty years. The titles of the several papers,
which are—Louis XIV., Saint Simon, Mirabeau, Marie
Antoinette, Beugnot, Mollien, Chateaubriand, Louis
Philippe, Alexis de Tocqueville, France in 1870, and Com-
munal France, sufficiently indicate the various phases of
recent French history which our author passes under
review ; and the moral which he draws is one which we
should all do well to lay to heart, that we may continue to
maintain among us that respect for the law, which is the
great security alike for individual and national liberty.
“A nation,” says Mr. Reeve, “may have wealth, territory,

of King and Queen as on Twelfth |

NOTES AND QUERIES. 251

| population, genius, industry even above its fellows; but
and Com- | #f it have not government, the result may be desolation

and ruin.” France has yet to learn how to make sweet
the uses of adversity.

A Collection of Curious and Interesting Epitaphs, copied
from the existing Monuments of Distinguished and
Noted Characters in the Cemeteries and Churches of St.
Pancras, Middlesex. By Frederick Teague Cansick.
(J. Russell Smith.)

Another volume of nearly three hundred pages fur-
nishes evidence of Mr. Cansick’s industry in collecting
and recording the monumental inscriptions in the church-
yards of Middlesex, ‘The cemeteries, graveyards, and
other resting places of the departed, from which the
author has derived the materials of the present volume,
are—Highgate Cemetery ; St. Michael's Church, High-
gate; the Cemetery of St. George-the-Martyr, Bruns-
wick Square ; the Foundling Hospital Chapel; Bloomsbury
Cemetery, Brunswick Square; St. Martin’s Cemetery,
Camden Town; St. Andrew's, Gray’s Inn Road; St.
Giles’s Cemetery, King’s Road ; and St. Aloysius’ Chapel,
Camden Town. The utility of the volume is greatly
enhanced by an Index of names. The next volume will
contain upwards of five hundred ancient epitaphs from
Highgate, Hornsey, Southgate, Edmonton, Enfield, Tot-
tenham, Hadley, Friern Barnet, &c.

Parisu ReGtsters.—In the House of Lords on Tues-
day, Lord Romilly moved for a paper which will possess
an interest outside the walls of Parliament. It is a “Re-
turn from the rector, vicar, curate, officiating minister, or
incumbent in charge of each parish, chapelry, or eccle-
siastical district in England and Wales, of all registers,
records, books, documents, or other instruments relating
to baptisms, marriages, and burials in their possession on
3ist December, 1971, stating their nature, the dates from
which and to which they extend, their state and condi-
tion, and how and where they are preserved”; and a
similar “ Return from each of the same persons, to the
3ist December, 1871, whether the parchment copies of
baptisms, marriages, or burials required by the Act 52
Geo, III, cap. 146, have been annually sent to the dio-
cesan registrars, the number of times when such copies
have not been sent, and the reasons for not sending
them.” The non-compliance with this Act, which is so
generally complained of, has probably originated from a
difficulty in enforcing it—a natural difficulty, it will be
admitted, when it is known that while Clause xiv. inflicts
transportation for seven years upon certain offences,
Clause xviii. awards one-half of all fines and penalties to
the informe Pe

Toe Sart Lrerary.—The difficulties that have
hitherto presented themselves in the way of the Salt
Library being permanently located in Staffordshire ap-
pear at last to have been surmounted. The premises at
present tenanted by Lloyd's Banking Company (branch),
in the Market-square, Stafford, have been surveyed by a
gentleman appointed for that purpose by Mrs, W. Salt,
and that lady has now signified her willingness to accept
the offer of Mr. Thomas Salt, M.P., and purchase the
property. By this arrangement the purchase money—
30001—will be handed over as a gift by Mr. T. Salt te
the endowment fund, which will now only want 900/. te
complete the sum named by Mrs. W. Salt—viz. 60002.

“Tue Lampetn Revrew.”’—This is the title of a new
Quarterly Magazine of Theology, Christian Politics,
Literature, and Art, of which the first number has just
been issued by Messrs. Mitchell of Parliament Street.
It supports the views of High Churchmen, but is not
exclusively theological. The articles on “ Disestablish-
ment and Disendowment,” on “ Dullinger’s Fables con

252

NOTES AND QUERIES.

[4% S. IX. Manrcw 23, 79, 7

cerning the Pope,” on “The Athanasian Creed,” and on
“ Prayers for the Dead,” being relieved by papers on the
‘ Venetian Aristocracy,” “ The Architecture of our Civil
and Domestick Buildings,” and one on Lord Clermont’s
splen did volume “ Sir John Fortescue and his Descend-
unts.” <A certain portion of the number is also devoted
to Notices of New Books.

“Tae fire which has destroyed the Luther memorials
at Erfurt will be regarded as a misfortune all over th
world. The orphanage and reformatory which adjoined
the old Augustinian church were built upon the remains
of the mor ry in which Luther was a monk. Of these
remains a small part at the corner of the quadrangle
were supposed to be of the age before the Reformation,
and to contain the cell of the great reformer and
other rooms in which he may have studied: close to them
was the le of the asylam in which a museum and pic
ture-gallery had been formed. The curiosities were
chiefly objects of local interest, such cimens of the
bread baked during the French campaigns of 1815-15,
with the enormous prices at which it was sold; a mummy;
and a painting, by Beck, of the Danse Macha! But a
world-wide interest was felt in the Bible whi - Luther
studied, the chair in which he sat, ant leven the mark of
the ink-bottle, which, in a fit of delirium from overwork,
he flung against the wall. All these seem to be d
stroyed.” — Guardian.

very

sal

is Sp

BOOKS AND ODD
WANTED TO

VOLUMES
PURCHASE.
Particulars of Price, &c.. of the following books to be sent

the gentlemen by whom they are required, whose names and add
are given for that purpose

James Howe's ErisTo..s
Wanted by

Ifo-E1

POLYNEestaN MYTHO!
Wanted by M7

Motices ta Corresponvents.
W. M.T

l.—We withhold your reply on the Evlkoénig,

thinking you may w sh to substitute another one after hav
read Pr

SrerHeN JACKSON will find a satisfactory etymology of
‘lock, a beetle, in Atkinson's Craven
CHULEICH, scarabeus.

Honesty.—l/ ‘sed postag stamps are utte

J. D. (Heaton Moor.) —“ Five and four

A.B (St. Stephen’s ( lub.) —J-er-ne.

J. P. EAanwaker (Oxford).—The fresco ;
the walls of the Chapel of the rinity at Stratf
Avon, Srom the draw ings by 7. Pisher, were
John Gough Nichols, F.S_A.,
Bohn in 1838.

C. Beauratx.—An engraving of that interesting relic
of the Norman period, the Jew's h at Lincoln, is
given in Turner's Domestic Architecture of England,
‘1851, i. 41. There is a of it The Builder of
March 16, 1872. .

Dr. Rresons.— Thx of Peter Paul Rul was
sometimes spelt Rubbens, as on his great picture at Antwerp.
“WN. & QQ.” 294 S. vii.

Enqurrer.—See Isaiah,

Str Taomas Wiyninoton.—Orosius, by King Alfred,
has been noticed in eight articles of the First Series
“N, & Q.” vols. i. ii. vii. xii.

ng
fessor Buchheim’s paper in our present number

Glossary — viz.

ire nine.”

aintings on
1-upon-
described b
and pub shed by H.G

use

notice in

mme pens

9

v. 18,

of

Tromas Ratcurre.—The song “ William and Jona.
than” will be found tn The Universal Son gster, published
by Fairburn in 1825, i. 62, but without the authog's name,

Ropert Wurst = the memoir of Thomas Christo-
pher ey R. contributed to the Art Journal of
Mar 1845, by his widow, a is stated that the painter

was rad at Worksop on Dee. Consult also the
Gent. Mac. for May, 1843 i, p.

25, 1777.

540.

to return communications
id to this rule we can make ag

the Editor at the Office,

affixed the ng
ation, but

me should be

ne and address of
ruarantee of good

Ex hange, London, Wateh,

k r 1 r Mak Ests shed A.D, ‘1810,

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